Gebru, Timnit

On the Dangers of Stochastic Parrots: Can Language Models Be Too Big? 🦜

Bender, E. M., Gebru, T., McMillan-Major, A., & Shmitchell, S. (2021) · Proceedings of the 2021 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency

Topic ModelingEthics and Social Impacts of AI

Cited by 6,988

Model Cards for Model Reporting

Mitchell, M., Wu, S., Zaldivar, A., Barnes, P., Vasserman, L., Hutchinson, B., Spitzer, E., Raji, I. D., & Gebru, T. (2019) · Proceedings of the Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency

Ethics and Social Impacts of AIExplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)

Cited by 2,681

Datasheets for Datasets

Gebru, T., Morgenstern, J., Vecchione, B., Vaughan, J. W., Wallach, H., Daumé, H., & Crawford, K. (2018) · arXiv

Research Data Management PracticesScientific Computing and Data Management

Cited by 2,474

Datasheets for datasets

Gebru, T., Morgenstern, J., Vecchione, B., Vaughan, J. W., Wallach, H., III, H. D., & Crawford, K. (2021) · Communications of the ACM

Research Data Management PracticesScientific Computing and Data Management

Cited by 2,469

Closing the AI accountability gap: defining an end-to-end framework for internal algorithmic auditing

Raji, I. D., Smart, A., White, R. N., Mitchell, M., Gebru, T., Hutchinson, B., Smith-Loud, J., Theron, D., & Barnes, P. (2020) · Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency

Ethics and Social Impacts of AIExplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)

Cited by 2,245

Using deep learning and Google street view to estimate the demographic makeup of neighborhoods across the United States.

Gebru, T., Krause, J., Wang, Y., Chen, D., Deng, J., Aiden, E. L., & Fei-Fei, L. (2017) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Human Mobility and Location-Based AnalysisAdvanced Neural Network Applications

Cited by 518

Saving Face: Investigating the Ethical Concerns of Facial Recognition Auditing

Raji, I. D., Gebru, T., Mitchell, M., Buolamwini, J., Lee, J., & Denton, R. (2020) · Proceedings of the AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society

Ethics and Social Impacts of AIFace recognition and analysis

Cited by 299

AI Art and its Impact on Artists

Jiang, H. H., Brown, L., Cheng, J., Khan, M., Gupta, A., Workman, D., Hanna, A., Flowers, J., & Gebru, T. (2023) · Proceedings of the 2023 AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society

Law, AI, and Intellectual PropertyEthics and Social Impacts of AI

Cited by 265

Lessons from archives: strategies for collecting sociocultural data in machine learning

Jo, E. S., & Gebru, T. (2020) · Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency

Ethics and Social Impacts of AIData Analysis and Archiving

Cited by 240

The TESCREAL bundle: Eugenics and the promise of utopia through artificial general intelligence

Gebru, T., & Torres, É. P. (2024) · First Monday

Ethics and Social Impacts of AICybernetics and Technology in Society

Cited by 181

Closing the AI Accountability Gap: Defining an End-to-End Framework for Internal Algorithmic Auditing

Raji, I. D., Smart, A., White, R. N., Mitchell, M., Gebru, T., Hutchinson, B., Smith-Loud, J., Theron, D., & Barnes, P. (2020) · arXiv

Ethics and Social Impacts of AIExplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)

Cited by 179

Fine-Grained Recognition in the Wild: A Multi-task Domain Adaptation Approach

Gebru, T., Hoffman, J., & Fei-Fei, L. (2017) · 2017 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV)

Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot LearningAdvanced Neural Network Applications

Cited by 152

Race and Gender

Gebru, T. (2020) · The Oxford Handbook of Ethics of AI

Ethics and Social Impacts of AIDigitalization, Law, and Regulation

Cited by 111

Diversity and Inclusion Metrics in Subset Selection

Mitchell, M., Baker, D., Moorosi, N., Denton, R., Hutchinson, B., Hanna, A., Gebru, T., & Morgenstern, J. (2020) · Proceedings of the AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society

Ethics and Social Impacts of AIGame Theory and Voting Systems

Cited by 87

Saving Face: Investigating the Ethical Concerns of Facial Recognition Auditing

Raji, I. D., Gebru, T., Mitchell, M., Buolamwini, J., Lee, J., & Denton, E. (2020) · arXiv

Ethics and Social Impacts of AIFace recognition and analysis

Cited by 69

Methodological Considerations for Centering Workers’ Epistemic Authority in AI Research

Miceli, M., Dinika, A.-A., Kauffman, K., Salim Wagner, C., Sachenbacher, L., Hanna, A., & Gebru, T. (2025) · Proceedings of the AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society

Ethics and Social Impacts of AIQualitative Research Methods and Ethics

Cited by 5

The Role of Expertise in Effectively Moderating Harmful Social Media Content

Abdelkadir, N. A., Yang, T., Kapania, S., Estefanos, M., Gebrekidan, F. B., Zelalem, Z., Ali, M., Berhe, R., Baker, D., Talat, Z., et al. (2025) · Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Hate Speech and Cyberbullying DetectionFreedom of Expression and Defamation

Cited by 5