Gardner, R. C.

The Subtle Effects of Language Anxiety on Cognitive Processing in the Second Language

MacIntyre, P. D., & Gardner, R. C. (1994) · Language Learning

EFL/ESL Teaching and LearningCommunication in Education and Healthcare

Cited by 1,823

Motivational variables in second-language acquisition.

Gardner, R. C., & Lambert, W. E. (1959) · Canadian Journal of Psychology / Revue canadienne de psychologie

EFL/ESL Teaching and LearningSecond Language Acquisition and Learning

Cited by 1,746

Anxiety and Second‐Language Learning: Toward a Theoretical Clarification*

MacIntyre, P. D., & Gardner, R. C. (1989) · Language Learning

EFL/ESL Teaching and LearningCommunication in Education and Healthcare

Cited by 930

Methods and Results in the Study of Anxiety and Language Learning: A Review of the Literature*

MacIntyre, P. D., & Gardner, R. C. (1991) · Language Learning

EFL/ESL Teaching and LearningCommunication in Education and Healthcare

Cited by 856

An Instrumental Motivation In Language Study: Who Says It Isn't Effective?

Gardner, R. C., & MacIntyre, P. D. (1991) · Studies in Second Language Acquisition

EFL/ESL Teaching and LearningSecond Language Acquisition and Learning

Cited by 472

Teacher Motivation Strategies, Student Perceptions, Student Motivation, and English Achievement

BERNAUS, M., & GARDNER, R. C. (2008) · The Modern Language Journal

EFL/ESL Teaching and LearningEducation, Achievement, and Giftedness

Cited by 366

Integrative Motivation: Changes During a Year‐Long Intermediate‐Level Language Course

Gardner, R. C., Masgoret, A. ‐., Tennant, J., & Mihic, L. (2004) · Language Learning

EFL/ESL Teaching and LearningEducation, Achievement, and Giftedness

Cited by 321

Second Language Learning in an Immersion Programme: Factors Influencing Acquisition and Retention

Gardner, R. C., Moorcroft, R., & Metforda, J. (1989) · Journal of Language and Social Psychology

EFL/ESL Teaching and LearningFrench Language Learning Methods

Cited by 37