CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 870Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual OffendingCrime Patterns and InterventionsMental Health Treatment and Access

The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year; 56 of the 58 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The Intricate Link Between Violence and Mental Disorder: Results From the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions

Elbogen, Eric B., Johnson, Sally C.·2009·Archives of General Psychiatry
DOI 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2008.537
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

CONTEXT: The relationship between mental illness and violence has a significant effect on mental health policy, clinical practice, and public opinion about the dangerousness of people with psychiatric disorders. OBJECTIVE: To use a longitudinal data set representative of the US population to clarify whether or how severe mental illnesses such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression lead to violent behavior. DESIGN: Data on mental disorder and violence were collected as part of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC), a 2-wave face-to-face survey conducted by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 34 653 subjects completed NESARC waves 1 (2001-2003) and 2 (2004-2005) interviews. Wave 1 data on severe mental illness and risk factors were analyzed to predict wave 2 data on violent behavior. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Reported violent acts committed between waves 1 and 2. RESULTS: Bivariate analyses showed that the incidence of violence was higher for people with severe mental illness, but only significantly so for those with co-occurring substance abuse and/or dependence. Multivariate analyses revealed that severe mental illness alone did not predict future violence; it was associated instead with historical (past violence, juvenile detention, physical abuse, parental arrest record), clinical (substance abuse, perceived threats), dispositional (age, sex, income), and contextual (recent divorce, unemployment, victimization) factors. Most of these factors were endorsed more often by subjects with severe mental illness. CONCLUSIONS: Because severe mental illness did not independently predict future violent behavior, these findings challenge perceptions that mental illness is a leading cause of violence in the general population. Still, people with mental illness did report violence more often, largely because they showed other factors associated with violence. Consequently, understanding the link between violent acts and mental disorder requires consideration of its association with other variables such as substance abuse, environmental stressors, and history of violence.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2008.537

Cites

56 of 56 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Show all 58 references

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Items 401–500 of 870

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Elbogen, E. B., & Johnson, S. C.
Affiliations
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
ORCID
Elbogen, Eric B.
Venue
Archives of General Psychiatry
Publisher
American Medical Association (AMA)
Published
2009-02-01
Volume
66
Issue
2
Pages
152
ISSN
0003-990X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2008.537
OpenAlex
W2095751856
Cited by
868
References
58
Citations by year
2026: 15 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 53 · 2020: 47 · 2019: 52 · 2018: 38 · 2017: 88 · 2016: 45 · 2015: 102 · 2014: 66 · 2013: 72 · 2012: 53
FWCI
66.64
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Archives of General Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Crime Patterns and Interventions
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Keywords
severe mental illness, violent behavior, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, substance abuse, co-occurring disorders, risk factors for violence, juvenile detention, physical abuse, threat perception, victimization, unemployment, divorce, environmental stressors, mental health policy
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Alcoholism, Bipolar Disorder, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dangerous Behavior, Major Depressive Disorder, Depressive Disorder, Major, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Social Environment, Illicit Drugs, United States, Violence, Comorbidity, Incidence, Substance-Related Disorders, Young Adult

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review