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Subcutaneous and mediastinal emphysema. Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management
Abstract
Subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum occur frequently in critically ill patients in association with blunt or penetrating trauma, soft-tissue infections, or any condition that creates a gradient between intra-alveolar and perivascular interstitial pressures. A continuum of fascial planes connects cervical soft tissues with the medlastinum and retroperitoneum, permitting aberrant air arising in any one of these areas to spread elsewhere. Diagnosis is made in the appropriate clinical setting by careful physical examination and inspection of the chest roentgenogram. While the presence of air in subcutaneous or mediastinal tissue is not dangerous in itself, prompt recognition of the underlying cause is essential. Certain trauma-related causes may require surgical intervention, but the routine use of chest tubes tracheostomy, or mediastinal drains is not recommended.
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Citations
Cited by
Management of spontaneous pneumothorax: British Thoracic Society pleural disease guideline 2010
MacDuff, A., Arnold, A., Harvey, J., & on behalf of the BTS Pleural Disease Guideline Group (2010) · Thorax · doi:10.1136/thx.2010.136986 · Cited by 1,481
BTS guidelines for the management of spontaneous pneumothorax
Henry, M., Arnold, T., Harvey, J., & on behalf of the BTS Pleural Disease Group, A. S. O. T. B. S. O. C. C. (2003) · Thorax · doi:10.1136/thx.58.suppl_2.ii39 · Cited by 631
Metadata
- Authors
- Maunder, R. J.
- Venue
- Archives of Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- American Medical Association
- Published
- 1984-07-01
- Volume
- 144
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1447-1453
- ISSN
- 0003-9926 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4244386333
- Cited by
- 532
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 5.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Subcutaneous and mediastinal emphysema. Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1001/archinte.144.7.1447
- The paper
- Maunder, R. J. (1984). Subcutaneous and mediastinal emphysema. Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. Archives of Internal Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.144.7.1447
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
