The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Microalbuminuria in Nondiabetic Adults: Relation of Blood Pressure, Body Mass Index, Plasma Cholesterol Levels, and Smoking: The Gubbio Population Study
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Evidence exists that cardiovascular risk factors influence progression toward end-stage renal failure. We tested the hypothesis that in nondiabetic middle-aged adults without macroalbuminuria, cardiovascular risk factors are related to urinary albumin excretion and prevalence of microalbuminuria, a sign of early nephropathy. METHODS: Cross-sectional analysis of data for 1567 participants in The Gubbio Population Study (677 men and 890 women), aged 45 to 64 years, without macroalbuminuria, without diabetes mellitus, and with fasting plasma glucose levels of less than 7.8 mmol/L (140 mg/ dL). Data collection included albumin and creatinine excretion in timed overnight urine collection; levels of fasting plasma cholesterol, glucose, triglycerides, creatinine, and uric acid; creatinine clearance; red blood cell sodium-lithium countertransport; blood pressure; weight; height; medical history; smoking status; and alcohol intake. Urinary albumin excretion and prevalence of microalbuminuria were the dependent variables. RESULTS: Blood pressure, plasma cholesterol levels, smoking, and body mass index significantly related to urinary albumin excretion and prevalence of microalbuminuria. In analyses with control for multiple variables, relative risk for microalbuminuria (urinary albumin excretion, 20-199 microg/min) in men and women was 2.51 and 1.62, respectively, with 18 mm Hg higher (1 SD) systolic blood pressure; 2.25 and 2.10, respectively, with 1.0-mmol/L (40 mg/dL) higher plasma cholesterol level; 1.99 and 1.91, respectively, for smokers vs nonsmokers; and 1.83 and 1.33, respectively, with 4 kg/m2 higher body mass index. Findings were similar for microalbuminuria defined as urinary albumin excretion of at least 25 microg/dL glomerular filtration rate. CONCLUSION: Major cardiovascular risk factors are independent correlates of microalbuminuria in nondiabetic middle-aged adults.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Gerstein, H. C. (2001) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.286.4.421 · Cited by 2,440
Writing Committee Members, Greenland, P., Alpert, J. S., Beller, G. A., Benjamin, E. J., Budoff, M. J., Fayad, Z. A., Foster, E., Hlatky, M. A., Hodgson, J. M., et al. (2010) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e3182051b4c · Cited by 1,873
Hillege, H. L., Janssen, W. M. T., Bak, A. A. A., Diercks, G. F. H., Grobbee, D. E., Crijns, H. J. G. M., Van Gilst, W. H., De Zeeuw, D., De Jong, P. E., & FOR THE PREVEND STUDY GROUP (2001) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2796.2001.00833.x · Cited by 629
Haroun, M. K., Jaar, B. G., Hoffman, S. C., Comstock, G. W., Klag, M. J., & Coresh, J. (2003) · Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.1097/01.asn.0000095249.99803.85 · Cited by 532
The impact of insulin resistance on the kidney and vasculature
Artunc, F., Schleicher, E., Weigert, C., Fritsche, A., Stefan, N., & Häring, H.-U. (2016) · Nature Reviews Nephrology · doi:10.1038/nrneph.2016.145 · Cited by 462
Metadata
- Authors
- Cirillo, M., Senigalliesi, L., Laurenzi, M., Alfieri, R., Stamler, J., Stamler, R., Panarelli, W., & De Santo, N. G.
- Venue
- Archives of Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 1998-09-28
- Volume
- 158
- Issue
- 17
- Pages
- 1933
- ISSN
- 0003-9926 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2065920514
- Cited by
- 228
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 6.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Microalbuminuria in Nondiabetic Adults: Relation of Blood Pressure, Body Mass Index, Plasma Cholesterol Levels, and Smoking: The Gubbio Population Study. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1001/archinte.158.17.1933
- The paper
- Cirillo, M., Senigalliesi, L., Laurenzi, M., Alfieri, R., Stamler, J., Stamler, R., Panarelli, W., & De Santo, N. G. (1998). Microalbuminuria in Nondiabetic Adults: Relation of Blood Pressure, Body Mass Index, Plasma Cholesterol Levels, and Smoking: The Gubbio Population Study. Archives of Internal Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.158.17.1933
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
