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Obesity and Essential Hypertension: Hemodynamics, Intravascular Volume, Sodium Excretion, and Plasma Renin Activity
Abstract
Systemic hemodynamics, intravascular volume, and plasma renin activity were determined in 135 lean, mildly obese, or distinctly overweight subjects who were normotensive or had borderline or established essential hypertension. Cardiac output (but not index) was higher and peripheral resistance lower in obese than in lean subjects, except in borderline hypertension. intravascular volume was increased in obese patients, and more so when corrected for body height; correction for body weight led to relative volume contraction. Intravascular volume correlated directly with cardiac output in the entire population, as well as in the subgroups. Intravascular volume correlated inversely with total peripheral resistance in all subjects and in each subgroup. Both correlations remained significant when an approximation was used to correct influences of obesity on total blood volume. Sodium excretion was higher in obese than in lean subjects. Thus, despite the expanded intravascular volume in obesity, the pathophysiologic relationship between systemic hemodynamics and intravascular volumes remains unchanged. Relatively low peripheral resistance in obesity may decrease the risk of systemic vascular disease. Nevertheless, since circulating volume is increased, the greater venous return adds an additional load to a left ventricle that is already burdened by a high afterload caused by arterial hypertension. (Arch Intern Med141:81-85, 1981)
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“The metabolic, endocrine, cardiovascular, and renal changes caused by dietary-induced obesity in these experimental animals closely mimic the changes observed in obese humans5,13–16 (Table 1).”
From Obesity-Induced Hypertension: Interaction of Neurohumoral and Renal Mechanisms (2015) · cites this paper as [16]
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Messerli, F. H.
- Corresponding author
- Messerli, Franz H.
- ORCID
- Messerli, Franz H.
- Venue
- Archives of Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 1981-01-01
- Volume
- 141
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 81
- ISSN
- 0003-9926 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4246843923
- Cited by
- 210
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 5.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Renin-Angiotensin System Studies
- Keywords
- obesity, essential hypertension, systemic hemodynamics, intravascular volume, plasma renin activity, cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance, sodium excretion, blood volume, left ventricular afterload, venous return
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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