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Cited by 62Child Abuse and Related TraumaChild Abuse and TraumaSexual Assault and Victimization Studies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 26 of the 26 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Children With Anogenital Symptoms and Signs Referred for Sexual Abuse Evaluations

Kellogg, Nancy D., Parra, Juan M., Menard, Shirley·1998·Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine
DOI 10.1001/archpedi.152.7.634
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether children referred to a sexual abuse clinic because of anogenital symptoms or signs have examination findings that are suggestive of or probable or definitive for sexual abuse. DESIGN: Case series of 157 patients. SETTING: Child and adolescent ambulatory care sexual abuse clinic. RESULTS: A medical records review of 3660 cases was done; 157 cases were identified for study. Most (75%) referrals were from medical clinics. Of 184 complaints, the most common presenting symptom or sign was anogenital bleeding or bruising (29.3%), followed by irritation or redness (21.7%), abnormal anogenital anatomy (20.7%), vaginal discharge (18.4%), lesions (6.5%), and "other" symptoms or signs (3.3%). We used a standardized classification system and determined that 25 patients (15%) had examination findings in the sexual abuse clinic that were suggestive of or probable or definitive for sexual abuse. Although 85 patients had examination findings that corroborated the presenting symptom(s), 70 had nonspecific examination findings or a diagnosis other than sexual abuse. Seventy-two patients had normal examination findings. Only patients with the presenting symptom of lesions had an increased likelihood of a sexual abuse diagnosis. Common examination findings included anogenital erythema, enhanced vascularity of the hymen or vestibule in prepubertal girls, labial adhesions, and culture-negative vaginitis. CONCLUSIONS: Few children are referred for sexual abuse evaluations based on physical signs or symptoms alone. Children with anogenital symptoms but without a disclosure or suspicion of sexual abuse are unlikely to have examination findings suggestive of abuse. The evaluation of children with anogenital symptoms and signs should include a consideration of alternative conditions and causes not directly related to sexual abuse.

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Crossref · 10.1001/archpedi.152.7.634

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Metadata

Authors
Kellogg, N. D., Parra, J. M., & Menard, S.
Affiliations
The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center (US)
ORCID
Kellogg, Nancy D.
Venue
Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine
Publisher
American Medical Association (AMA)
Published
1998-07-01
Volume
152
Issue
7
Pages
634-41
ISSN
1072-4710 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1001/archpedi.152.7.634
OpenAlex
W1985399215
Cited by
62
References
26
Citations by year
2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 3
FWCI
2.91
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Child Abuse and Related Trauma
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
  • Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies
Keywords
child sexual abuse, physical examination findings, anogenital lesions, labial adhesions, prepubertal girls, differential diagnosis
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Anus Diseases, Child, Child Abuse, Sexual, Child, Preschool, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Genital Diseases, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Urinary Tract Infections, Odds Ratio, Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus

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