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A Critical Appraisal of the Efficacy of Continuing Medical Education
Abstract
To determine the efficacy of continuing medical education (CME), we collected 248 original articles describing studies of CME interventions. These articles were reviewed for applicability and scientific credibility by applying preset methodological criteria. Thirteen percent of articles described randomized trials, but only 7% of all articles and 20% of randomized trials assessed the impact of CME on patient outcomes. Seven articles met all our criteria and were reviewed in detail. These studies provide convincing evidence that CME can improve physician behaviors. However, only three of these methodologically sound studies assessed patient outcomes and only one demonstrated any improvement in outcomes.
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Citations
Cited by
Effect of clinical guidelines on medical practice: a systematic review of rigorous evaluations
Grimshaw, J. M., & Russell, I. T. (1993) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(93)92244-n · Cited by 2,770
Davis, D., O'Brien, M. A. T., Freemantle, N., Wolf, F. M., Mazmanian, P., & Taylor-Vaisey, A. (1999) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.282.9.867 · Cited by 2,364
(1997) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 1,226
Principles of Educational Outreach ('Academic Detailing') to Improve Clinical Decision Making
Soumerai, S. B. (1990) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.1990.03440040088034 · Cited by 1,084
Effect of problem-based, self-directed undergraduate education on life-long learning.
(1993) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 259
Metadata
- Authors
- Haynes, R. B.
- Venue
- JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 1984-01-06
- Volume
- 251
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 61
- ISSN
- 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
- 0098-7484
- OpenAlex
- W2132819882
- Cited by
- 297
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 26.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: A Critical Appraisal of the Efficacy of Continuing Medical Education. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1001/jama.1984.03340250041018
- The paper
- Haynes, R. B. (1984). A Critical Appraisal of the Efficacy of Continuing Medical Education. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1984.03340250041018
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
