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Effect of a Home-Based Exercise Program on Subsequent Falls Among Community-Dwelling High-Risk Older Adults After a Fall: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Open accessAbstract
Importance: Whether exercise reduces subsequent falls in high-risk older adults who have already experienced a fall is unknown. Objective: To assess the effect of a home-based exercise program as a fall prevention strategy in older adults who were referred to a fall prevention clinic after an index fall. Design, Setting, and Participants: A 12-month, single-blind, randomized clinical trial conducted from April 22, 2009, to June 5, 2018, among adults aged at least 70 years who had a fall within the past 12 months and were recruited from a fall prevention clinic. Interventions: Participants were randomized to receive usual care plus a home-based strength and balance retraining exercise program delivered by a physical therapist (intervention group; n = 173) or usual care, consisting of fall prevention care provided by a geriatrician (usual care group; n = 172). Both were provided for 12 months. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was self-reported number of falls over 12 months. Adverse event data were collected in the exercise group only and consisted of falls, injuries, or muscle soreness related to the exercise intervention. Results: Among 345 randomized patients (mean age, 81.6 [SD, 6.1] years; 67% women), 296 (86%) completed the trial. During a mean follow-up of 338 (SD, 81) days, a total of 236 falls occurred among 172 participants in the exercise group vs 366 falls among 172 participants in the usual care group. Estimated incidence rates of falls per person-year were 1.4 (95% CI, 0.1-2.0) vs 2.1 (95% CI, 0.1-3.2), respectively. The absolute difference in fall incidence was 0.74 (95% CI, 0.04-1.78; P = .006) falls per person-year and the incident rate ratio was 0.64 (95% CI, 0.46-0.90; P = .009). No adverse events related to the intervention were reported. Conclusions and Relevance: Among older adults receiving care at a fall prevention clinic after a fall, a home-based strength and balance retraining exercise program significantly reduced the rate of subsequent falls compared with usual care provided by a geriatrician. These findings support the use of this home-based exercise program for secondary fall prevention but require replication in other clinical settings. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifiers: NCT01029171; NCT00323596.
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“The OEP has also been shown to reduce the self-reported number of falls over 12 months among community-dwelling older adults who have already experienced a fall [253].”
From Global consensus on optimal exercise recommendations for enhancing healthy longevity in older adults (ICFSR) (2025) · cites this paper as [253]
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“The OEP has also been shown to reduce the self-reported number of falls over 12 months among community-dwelling older adults who have already experienced a fall [253].”
From Global consensus on optimal exercise recommendations for enhancing healthy longevity in older adults (ICFSR) (2025) · cites this paper as [253]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Liu-Ambrose, T., Davis, J. C., Best, J. R., Dian, L., Madden, K., Cook, W., Hsu, C. L., & Khan, K. M.
- Affiliations
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Liu-Ambrose, Teresa
- ORCID
- Venue
- JAMA
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2019-06-04
- Volume
- 321
- Issue
- 21
- Pages
- 2092
- ISSN
- 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
- 0098-7484
- PMC
- PMC6549299
- OpenAlex
- W2948532720
- Cited by
- 291
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 30 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 78 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 45 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 6
- FWCI
- 62.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- JAMA (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Frailty in Older Adults
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
- Keywords
- home-based exercise, fall prevention, older adults, physiotherapy, community-dwelling older adults, exercise safety, adverse events, elderly care, usual care comparison, exercise adherence, exercise duration, exercise frequency
- MeSH terms
- Accidental Falls, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Postural Balance, Exercise Therapy, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Single-Blind Method, Resistance Training, Secondary Prevention, Independent Living
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