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Depression and Cardiovascular Disease: Healing the Broken-Hearted
Open accessAbstract
Major depressive disorder is a risk factor for the development of incident coronary heart disease events in healthy patients and for adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with established heart disease. Depression is present in 1 of 5 outpatients with coronary heart disease and in 1 of 3 outpatients with congestive heart failure, yet the majority of cases are not recognized or appropriately treated. It is not known whether treating depression improves cardiovascular outcomes, but antidepressant treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors is generally safe, alleviates depression, and improves quality of life. This article evaluates the importance of major depression in patients with cardiovascular disease, and provides practical guidance for identifying and treating this disorder.
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“depression has been found to be approximately twice as likely in individuals with coronary heart disease and 3 times as likely in persons with congestive heart failure compared to prevalence rates in the general population”
From From stress to inflammation and major depressive disorder: A social signal transduction theory of depression. (2014) · cites this paper as Whooley, 2006
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Citations
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Metadata
- Authors
- Whooley, M. A.
- Affiliations
- San Francisco VA Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Whooley, Mary A.
- ORCID
- Whooley, Mary A.
- Venue
- JAMA
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2006-06-28
- Volume
- 295
- Issue
- 24
- Pages
- 2874
- ISSN
- 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
- 0098-7484
- PMC
- PMC2771193
- OpenAlex
- W2171037771
- Cited by
- 251
- References
- 103
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 20
- FWCI
- 15.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- JAMA (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
- Health Services Research and Development
- University of California, San Francisco
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL079235)
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- major depressive disorder, depression, cardiovascular disease, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, cardiovascular outcomes, antidepressant treatment, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, depression detection, quality of life
- MeSH terms
- Antidepressive Agents, Cardiovascular Diseases, Coronary Disease, Depressive Disorder, Major, Major Depressive Disorder, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychotherapy, Quality of Life, Recurrence, Risk Factors, Comorbidity, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
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