Cited by 734Child Development and Digital TechnologyChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentPhysical Activity and Health

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Association Between Screen Time and Children’s Performance on a Developmental Screening Test

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Madigan, Sheri, Browne, Dillon, Racine, Nicole, Mori, Camille, Tough, Suzanne·2019·JAMA Pediatrics

DOI 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.5056PMC PMC6439882

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Abstract

Importance: Excessive screen time is associated with delays in development; however, it is unclear if greater screen time predicts lower performance scores on developmental screening tests or if children with poor developmental performance receive added screen time as a way to modulate challenging behavior. Objective: To assess the directional association between screen time and child development in a population of mothers and children. Design, Setting, and Participants: This longitudinal cohort study used a 3-wave, cross-lagged panel model in 2441 mothers and children in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, drawn from the All Our Families study. Data were available when children were aged 24, 36, and 60 months. Data were collected between October 20, 2011, and October 6, 2016. Statistical analyses were conducted from July 31 to November 15, 2018. Exposures: Media. Main Outcomes and Measures: At age 24, 36, and 60 months, children's screen-time behavior (total hours per week) and developmental outcomes (Ages and Stages Questionnaire, Third Edition) were assessed via maternal report. Results: Of the 2441 children included in the analysis, 1227 (50.2%) were boys. A random-intercepts, cross-lagged panel model revealed that higher levels of screen time at 24 and 36 months were significantly associated with poorer performance on developmental screening tests at 36 months (β, -0.06; 95% CI, -0.10 to -0.01) and 60 months (β, -0.08; 95% CI, -0.13 to -0.02), respectively. These within-person (time-varying) associations statistically controlled for between-person (stable) differences. Conclusions and Relevance: The results of this study support the directional association between screen time and child development. Recommendations include encouraging family media plans, as well as managing screen time, to offset the potential consequences of excess use.

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Authors: Madigan, S., Browne, D., Racine, N., Mori, C., & Tough, S.
Affiliations: University of Calgary (CA)
University of Waterloo (CA)
Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (CA)
Corresponding author: Madigan, Sheri
ORCID: Madigan, Sheri
Browne, Dillon
Racine, Nicole
Tough, Suzanne
Venue: JAMA Pediatrics
Publisher: American Medical Association (AMA)
Published: 2019-03-01
Volume: 173
Issue: 3
Pages: 244
ISSN: 1072-4710 (ISSN-L)
2168-6203
DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.5056
PMC: PMC6439882
OpenAlex: W2911956244
Cited by: 734
References: 55
Citations by year: 2026: 130 · 2025: 99 · 2024: 116 · 2023: 134 · 2022: 84 · 2021: 84 · 2020: 53 · 2019: 33
FWCI: 171.46
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Alberta Children's Hospital Foundation
Topics: Social Sciences › Education › Child Development and Digital Technology
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
Keywords: screen time, child development, developmental screening, Ages and Stages Questionnaire, toddlers, preschool children, developmental delay, maternal report
MeSH terms: Screen Time, Child Behavior, Child Development, Child, Preschool, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Infant, Parent-Child Relations, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Parenting, Sedentary Behavior

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Association Between Screen Time and Children’s Performance on a Developmental Screening Test

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