Analysis of protein and lipid dynamics using confocal fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP)
Open accessAbstract
Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) is a powerful, versatile, and widely accessible tool to monitor molecular dynamics in living cells that can be performed using modern confocal microscopes. Although the basic principles of FRAP are simple, quantitative FRAP analysis requires careful experimental design, data collection, and analysis. In this unit, we discuss the theoretical basis for confocal FRAP, followed by step‐by‐step protocols for FRAP data acquisition using a laser‐scanning confocal microscope for (1) measuring the diffusion of a membrane protein, (2) measuring the diffusion of a soluble protein, and (3) analysis of intracellular trafficking. Finally, data analysis procedures are discussed, and an equation for determining the diffusion coefficient of a molecular species undergoing pure diffusion is presented. Curr. Protoc. Cytom. 62:2.19.1‐2.19.29. © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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FRAP experiments were analyzed as described in Day et al. (2012).
“FRAP experiments were analyzed as described in Day et al. (2012).”
From APOE traffics to astrocyte lipid droplets and modulates triglyceride saturation and droplet size (2024) · cites this paper as Day et al. (2012)
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- Authors
- Day, C. A., Kraft, L. J., Kang, M., & Kenworthy, A. K.
- Affiliations
- Vanderbilt University (US)
- Venue
- Current Protocols in Cytometry
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-10
- Volume
- 62
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- Unit2.19-Unit2.19
- ISSN
- 1934-9297 (ISSN-L)
- 1934-9300
- PMC
- PMC3538152
- OpenAlex
- W1592169524
- Cited by
- 89
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 1.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Current Protocols in Cytometry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- American Cancer Society
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM008320, R01GM073846, 3R01 GM73846-4S1)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biophysics › Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Keywords
- FRAP, confocal microscopy, protein diffusion, membrane protein diffusion, intracellular trafficking, diffusion coefficient, lipid dynamics
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Membrane, Chlorocebus aethiops, Cell Biology, Diffusion, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Kinetics, Lipids, Plasmids, Proteins, Software, Models, Statistical, DNA, Complementary, Microscopy, Confocal, COS Cells, Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching
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