Assessing the potential for bias in meta-analysis due to selective reporting of subgroup analyses within studies
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
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Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Studies without protocol registration may present distorted data.
“Therefore, studies without protocol registration may present distorted data (Chan et al. 2013; Hahn et al. 2000).”
From Adherence to the CONSORT statement of randomized clinical trials on dentin hypersensitivity treatment using mouthwashes (2025) · cites this paper as Hahn et al. 2000
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- Authors
- Hahn, S., Williamson, P. R., Hutton, J. L., Garner, P., & Flynn, E. V.
- Venue
- Statistics in Medicine
- Published
- 2000
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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