Water deficit‐induced oxidative stress affects artemisinin content and expression of proline metabolic genes in Artemisia annua L.
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Water stress is one of the most critical abiotic stresses that restricts growth, development, and alters physiological and biochemical mechanisms of plant. The effects of long‐term water shortage‐induced oxidative stress on morphophysiological parameters, proline metabolic genes, and artemisinin content were studied in Artemisia annua L. under greenhouse conditions. Plant growth, biomass accumulation, relative water content, and chlorophyll content were reduced under drought. Leaf water potential ranged from −0.3248 MP a to −1.22 MP a in stress conditions. Increased levels of proline accumulation, protein concentration, and lipid peroxidation were detected in water‐stressed plants. Stage‐dependent increases in activity of antioxidants including superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, and dehydroascorbate reductase were observed. The expression of proline biosynthetic genes including pyrroline‐5‐carboxylase synthase1, 1‐pyrroline‐5‐carboxylase synthase2, and 1‐pyrroline‐5‐carboxylase reductase was induced, while the ornithine aminotransferase transcript showed a variable response and the expression of proline catabolic genes including proline dehydrogenase1, proline dehydrogenase1, and proline 5‐carboxylate dehydrogenase was reduced by water stress. Our results indicate that the glutamine pathway is predominant under drought stress in A. annua and a reduction of catabolic gene expression is adopted as a defense strategy in adverse conditions. Higher expression of biosynthetic genes and lower expression of catabolic genes at the preflowering stage confirmed the important role of proline in flower development. Artemisinin content decreased owing to water stress, but the slightly higher amounts were detected in leaves of severely stressed plants compared with moderately stressed plants. The artemisinin content of A. annua might be regulated by controlling irrigation regimes.
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Various environmental stresses like heavy metal pollution, cold, water (drought and flooding), light, pest and disease damage affect accumulation of specialty metabolites in plants including artemisinin in A. annua.
“Besides elicitors and plant growth regulators, various environmental stresses like heavy metal pollution, cold, water (drought and flooding), light, pest and disease damage affect accumulation of specialty metabolites in plants including artemisinin in A. annua (Xiang et al. 2019; Hao et al. 2019; Soni and Abdin 2017; Yin et al. 2008).”
From Enhancing artemisinin content in and delivery from Artemisia annua: a review of alternative, classical, and transgenic approaches (2021) · cites this paper as Soni and Abdin 2017
The Discussion (‘Effect of water stress on artemisinin content’) reports that drought changed artemisinin content in A. annua, supporting the water-deficit part of the claim. The passages do not establish that this paper supports the listed effects of heavy metals, cold, flooding, light, pests, or disease damage. Page numbers are not available in the supplied copy. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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References 65 · Cited by 41
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [19]Slavik B. Ecological Studies, Analysis and Synthesis (1974) Methods of Studying Plant Water Relations, Vol 9. Springer‐Verlag, New York.
- Authors
- Soni, P., & Abdin, M. Z.
- Affiliations
- Jamia Hamdard (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Soni, Priyanka
- ORCID
- Abdin, Malik Z.
- Venue
- FEBS Open Bio
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2017-01-25
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 367-381
- ISSN
- 2211-5463 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5337892
- OpenAlex
- W2564438719
- Cited by
- 41
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 3.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- FEBS Open Bio (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- University Grant Commission
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Seed Germination and Physiology
- Keywords
- Artemisia annua, drought stress, oxidative stress, artemisinin content, proline metabolism, antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, ornithine aminotransferase, pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase, proline dehydrogenase, flower development, irrigation regimes
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