The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Manipulation Check
Abstract
A manipulation check is a test used to determine the effectiveness of a manipulation in an experimental design. Researchers incorporate manipulation checks when using experiments to ensure participants perceive, comprehend, and/or react as expected to the portion of the manipulation of interest contained within the independent variable. A typical manipulation check consists of one or more questions geared toward understanding each participant's cognizance regarding the condition to which they were exposed. If a manipulation check is successful (i.e., elicits the expected differences between or among experimental conditions), the researcher can conclude that participants correctly perceived, interpreted, or reacted to the stimulus and then draw more accurate conclusions related to the relationship between the independent and dependent variables.
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Assuming construct measures are valid and reliable, manipulation checks are critical for drawing accurate conclusions about the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable when the independent variable can only be manipulated indirectly, as is the case with growth mindset interventions.
“Assuming construct measures are valid and reliable, manipulation checks are critical for drawing accurate conclusions about the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable when the independent variable can only be manipulated indirectly (Hoewe, 2017), as is the case with growth mindset interventions.”
From Do growth mindset interventions impact students’ academic achievement? A systematic review and meta-analysis with recommendations for best practices. (2023) · cites this paper as Hoewe, 2017
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No references could be resolved yet.
Research works printed but not linked: 9
- Kidd R. F., 1976, Manipulation checks: Advantage or disadvantage?, Representative Research in Social Psychology, 7, 160
- 10.1177/0146167209346746 · DOI
- 10.1111/j.1468-2885.2003.tb00292.x · DOI
- 10.2307/3151807 · DOI
- 10.1111/j.1468-2958.2007.00305.x · DOI
- 10.1016/B978-0-12-404681-8.00011-X · DOI
- 10.1108/ICS-12-2013-0087 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.jesp.2009.03.00 · DOI
- 10.1086/209420 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Macnamara, B. N., & Burgoyne, A. P. (2023) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/bul0000352 · Cited by 415
Metadata
- Authors
- Hoewe, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Alabama (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hoewe, Jennifer
- ORCID
- Hoewe, Jennifer
- Venue
- The International Encyclopedia of Communication Research Methods
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2017-11-07
- Pages
- 1-5
- OpenAlex
- W4254047296
- Cited by
- 42
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 1
- Type
- reference entry
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Wiley eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Diverse Academic Research Areas
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Psychology Research and Bibliometrics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Keywords
- manipulation checks, experimental manipulation, independent variables, participant comprehension, experimental validity
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