The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Becoming a bartender: The role of external memory cues in a work‐directed educational activity
Abstract
Two kinds of external mnemonic cues are distinguished within the activity of becoming a bartender. Verbal mnemonic symbols (VMS) are materially arbitrary with respect to their referents. Material mnemonic symbols (MMS) bear a direct material relation to their referents. Both sets of cues are socially constituted. Combined ethnographic and experimental analyses indicate that external mnemonic cue use shifts from VMS, to MMS, to the use of neither with increasing experience. These shifts are interpreted within an activity theory framework as they occur in relation to the changing goals of becoming a bartender.
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When King Beach forced experienced bartenders to use identically proportioned opaque black glasses in a drinks-pouring experiment, errors increased 17-fold.
“When King Beach forced experi -enced bartenders to use identically proportioned opaque black glasses in a drinkspouring experiment, errors increased 17-fold.”
From Traces of thinking: a stigmergic approach to 4E cognition (2025) · cites this paper as Beach, 1993
Bartenders rely on material cues in the environment, such as placing appropriate glass in appropriate place, to aid production of orders.
“bartenders rely on material cues in the environment to aid the production of the order such as placing the appropriate kind of glass in the appropriate place on the bar top to keep track of the order.”
From Traces of thinking: a stigmergic approach to 4E cognition (2025) · cites this paper as Beach, 1993
Citations
Cites
Metacognition and cognitive monitoring: A new area of cognitive–developmental inquiry
Flavell, J. H. (1979) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.34.10.906 · Cited by 11,282
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 14
- Beach K. D., 1985, The role of memory in learning to become a bartender: an ethnographic/experimental approach, Laboratory of Comparative Human Cognition Newsletter, 7, 23
- Chi M. T. H., 1978, Children's thinking: What develops?, 73
- Ehrlich S., 1979, Memory organization and structure, 195
- Laufer E.(1990). Practical work activity in the industrial fastener industry: a study of expert/novice differences in cognition and activity. Unpublished PhD dissertation City University of New York Graduate Center.
- Leont'ev A. N., 1978, Activity, consciousness, and personality
- 10.1080/00223980.1977.9923962 · DOI
- Naus M. J., 1983, Trends in memory development research, 1
- Scribner S., 1984, Everyday cognition: its development in social context, 9
- Scribner S., 1984, Toward a model of practical thinking, Laboratory of Comparative Human Cognition Newsletter, 6, 37
- Spradley J. P., 1975, The cocktail waitress
- Tiano J., 1983, Professional bartenders drinks and spirits guide
- Vygotsky L. S., 1978, Mind in society
- 10.1159/000407965 · DOI
- Wertsch J. V., 1981, The concept of activity in Soviet psychology, 3
Cited by
Sorted by citations
4E cognition and the dogma of harmony
Aagaard, J. (2021) · Philosophical Psychology · doi:10.1080/09515089.2020.1845640 · Cited by 73
Haraldsen, M. (2025) · AI & SOCIETY · doi:10.1007/s00146-025-02253-6 · Cited by 3
Traces of thinking: a stigmergic approach to 4E cognition
Sims, R. (2025) · Synthese · doi:10.1007/s11229-025-05074-8 · Cited by 3
“David”
Metadata
- Authors
- Beach, K.
- Affiliations
- Michigan State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Beach, King
- Venue
- Applied Cognitive Psychology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1993-06
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 191-204
- ISSN
- 0888-4080 (ISSN-L)
- 1099-0720
- OpenAlex
- W2119858333
- Cited by
- 73
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 12 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 4.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Applied Cognitive Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Innovative Education and Learning Practices
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Social Representations and Identity
- Keywords
- activity theory, experiential learning
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