Molecularly-engineered, 4D-printed liquid crystal elastomer actuators
Abstract
Abstract Three‐dimensional structures that undergo reversible shape changes in response to mild stimuli enable a wide range of smart devices, such as soft robots or implantable medical devices. Herein, a dual thiol‐ene reaction scheme is used to synthesize a class of liquid crystal (LC) elastomers that can be 3D printed into complex shapes and subsequently undergo controlled shape change. Through controlling the phase transition temperature of polymerizable LC inks, morphing 3D structures with tunable actuation temperature (28 ± 2 to 105 ± 1 °C) are fabricated. Finally, multiple LC inks are 3D printed into single structures to allow for the production of untethered, thermo‐responsive structures that sequentially and reversibly undergo multiple shape changes.
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Voxelated LCEs capable of actuating reversibly and exhibiting large work capacities have been produced in thick-film geometries about 1 mm thick via 3D printing.
“Recently, voxelated LCEs, capable of actuating reversibly and exhibiting large work capacities, have been produced in thick-film geometries (about 1 mm thick) via 3D printing [200-204].”
From Two-Way and Multiple-Way Shape Memory Polymers for Soft Robotics: An Overview (2020) · cites this paper as [204]
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References 55 · Cited by 383
- Authors
- Saed, M. O., Ambulo, C. P., Kim, H., De, R., Raval, V., Searles, K., Siddiqui, D. A., Cue, J. M. O., Stefan, M. C., Shankar, M. R., & Ware, T. H.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas at Dallas (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ware, Taylor H.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Advanced Functional Materials
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2018-11-27
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 3
- ISSN
- 1616-301X (ISSN-L)
- 1616-3028
- OpenAlex
- W2902985912
- Cited by
- 383
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 44 · 2025: 54 · 2024: 61 · 2023: 50 · 2022: 52 · 2021: 47 · 2020: 56 · 2019: 19
- FWCI
- 19.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Advanced Functional Materials (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research (FA9550‐17‐1‐0328)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Advanced Materials and Mechanics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials › Liquid Crystal Research Advancements
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Polymer composites and self-healing
- Keywords
- liquid crystal elastomers, 4D printing, 3D printing, thiol-ene click chemistry, shape-changing actuators, temperature-responsive materials, phase transition temperature, soft robotics, smart materials
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