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Cited by 83D Printing in Biomedical ResearchSilk-based biomaterials and applicationsTissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

Cell-laden constructs with anisotropic pores fabricated by collagen/silk-fibroin for muscle tissue regeneration

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Koo, YoungWon, Kim, WonJin, Hwangbo, Hanjun, Ryu, Dongryeol, Kim, GeunHyung·2026·Advanced Functional Materials
DOI 10.1002/adfm.202503933
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Abstract

Advancements in bioprinting technology, driven by innovations in bioink formulations, have made it possible to create tissue‐engineered constructs that closely replicate the intricate structures of native tissues. Despite the development of numerous cell‐laden bioinks, three critical challenges remain: (1) achieving adequate porosity, (2) mimicking the anisotropic morphology of native tissues, and (3) maintaining mechanical properties sufficient for structural integrity. Although previous studies using collagen‐based foam bioinks have addressed the issue of porosity, the enhancement of mechanical properties and anisotropic physical structure remains limited. In this study, silk fibroin (S‐F) is integrated with collagen to form an interpenetrating polymer network with improved mechanical strength. In addition, a stretching technique is applied to generate anisotropic morphological features, producing biocomposites with enhanced mechanical and structural properties suitable for muscle tissue regeneration. The resulting cell‐laden constructs demonstrated significantly improved cellular activities, including myogenic differentiation, which are attributed to their anisotropic oval shapes, aligned collagen fibrils, and mechanical stimulation. These properties are assessed using in vitro and in vivo experiments. The findings suggest that anisotropically porous collagen/S‐F constructs offer a versatile platform for anisotropic tissue regeneration, effectively bridging the gap between physical structure and biological function in tissue engineering.

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  • Methacrylation of collagen (ColMA) is an effective strategy to address collagen's drawbacks by introducing photocrosslinkable methacrylate groups, enabling rapid photopolymerization and improving structural stability while preserving the inherent bioactivity of collagen.

    “Methacrylation of collagen (ColMA) has emerged as an effective strategy to address these drawbacks by introducing photocrosslinkable methacrylate groups, enabling rapid photopolymerization and improving structural stability while preserving the inherent bioactivity of collagen [12,13,14].”

    From Montmorillonite-reinforced methacrylated collagen/methacrylated silk fibroin hydrogel-based inks: rheological and physicochemical characterization for bone scaffold applications (2026) · cites this paper as [12]

    The Results and Discussion section describes collagen’s biocompatibility and low mechanical strength, supporting the background about its benefits and drawbacks. It addresses those drawbacks by adding silk fibroin, not by methacrylating collagen; the fabrication section uses genipin crosslinking. Our copy does not support the claims about ColMA, rapid photopolymerization, or preservation of bioactivity through methacrylation. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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Authors
Koo, Y., Kim, W., Hwangbo, H., Ryu, D., & Kim, G.
Affiliations
  • Sungkyunkwan University (KR)
  • Department of Precision Medicine Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU‐SOM) Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea
  • Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (KR)
Corresponding author
  • Ryu, Dongryeol
  • Kim, GeunHyung
ORCID
Kim, GeunHyung
Venue
Advanced Functional Materials
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2025-07-10
Volume
36
Issue
2
ISSN
  • 1616-301X (ISSN-L)
  • 1616-3028
DOI
10.1002/adfm.202503933
OpenAlex
W4412187276
Cited by
8
References
78
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 2
FWCI
1.96
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
Advanced Functional Materials (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Research Foundation
  • National Research Foundation of Korea
  • Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea
  • Korea National Institute of Health (2022ER130500)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Silk-based biomaterials and applications
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
Keywords
muscle regeneration, interpenetrating polymer networks, mechanical properties, myogenesis, cell-laden constructs, collagen fibril alignment, mechanical stimulation

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