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High‐Performance and Environmentally Robust Multilevel Lead‐Free Organotin Halide Perovskite Memristors
Open accessAbstract
Abstract With a striking explosion of digital information, organic–inorganic halide perovskite (OHP) memristors have been regarded as a promising solution to break the von Neumann bottleneck as the nonvolatile computing‐in‐memory architecture. However, toxicity and stability under ambient conditions are two critical issues for practical applications. Here, lead‐free MASnI3 (MASI) perovskites are reported with improved resistive switching (RS) performance via defects passivating by introducing PEACl. In‐Sn/PEACl‐MASI/PEDOT:PSS/ITO memristor arrays (10 × 10) exhibit reproducible RS with low SET/RESET voltage (VSET/VRESET, +0.58/−0.49 V), ultrahigh ON/OFF ratio (8.5 × 103), stable endurance (2 × 103 cycles), excellent retention (2 × 104 s), high device yield (88%), and multilevel storage. RS remains robust in harsh environments, including high temperature and humidity, long‐term light irradiation, and open‐air conditions. Importantly, a complete physical simulation model that quantitatively and accurately describes RS in vacancy concentration, temperature, and electric potential is proposed originating from conductive filaments formation/rupture. Additionally, PEACl‐MASI memristors are successfully fabricated on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and Si substrates to explore the potential for large‐scale application on different substrates. The PEACl‐MASI memristors provide an opportunity to develop the next generation of high‐performance and environmentally robust multilevel information storage devices.
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“Furthermore, the use of lead-free materials also raises challenges in achieving long-term stability under harsh environmental conditions, which is critical for many sensor applications [131,132].”
From Design Strategies and Emerging Applications of Perovskite-Based Sensors (2025) · cites this paper as [131]
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Design Strategies and Emerging Applications of Perovskite-Based Sensors
Li, Y., Ding, Y., Sun, J., Tan, S., Li, Y., Wang, X., Cai, J., Bai, J., Lv, X., Guo, W., et al. (2025) · SmartMat · doi:10.1002/smm2.70022 · Cited by 41
Metadata
- Authors
- Liu, Z., Tang, H., Cheng, P., Kang, R., Zhou, J., Zhao, X., Zhao, J., & Zuo, Z.
- Affiliations
- Shandong University (CN)
- Xinjiang Agricultural University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Zhao, Jia
- Zuo, Zhiyuan
- Venue
- Advanced Electronic Materials
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2022-10-18
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 1
- ISSN
- 2199-160X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4306736835
- Cited by
- 46
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 7
- FWCI
- 2.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Advanced Electronic Materials (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (51702186)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advanced Memory and Neural Computing
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Perovskite Materials and Applications
- Keywords
- memristors, organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites, lead-free perovskites, CH3NH3SnI3, resistive switching, multilevel storage, vacancy concentration, conductive filament formation, environmental robustness, non-volatile memory, in-memory computing, polyethylene terephthalate substrate, silicon substrate, physical simulation model
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- The paper
- Liu, Z., Tang, H., Cheng, P., Kang, R., Zhou, J., Zhao, X., Zhao, J., & Zuo, Z. (2023). High‐Performance and Environmentally Robust Multilevel Lead‐Free Organotin Halide Perovskite Memristors. Advanced Electronic Materials. https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202201005