Ultrabright Fluorescent Organic Nanoparticles Based on Small‐Molecule Ionic Isolation Lattices**
Open accessPublished version of a preprint
Abstract
Ultrabright fluorescent nanoparticles (NPs) hold great promise for demanding bioimaging applications. Recently, extremely bright molecular crystals of cationic fluorophores were obtained by hierarchical coassembly with cyanostar anion‐receptor complexes. These small‐molecule ionic isolation lattices (SMILES) ensure spatial and electronic isolation to prohibit aggregation quenching of dyes. We report a simple, one‐step supramolecular approach to formulate SMILES materials into NPs. Rhodamine‐based SMILES NPs stabilized by glycol amphiphiles show high fluorescence quantum yield (30 %) and brightness per volume (5000 M −1 cm −1 /nm 3 ) with 400 dye molecules packed into 16‐nm particles, corresponding to a particle absorption coefficient of 4×10 7 M −1 cm −1 . UV excitation of the cyanostar component leads to higher brightness (>6000 M −1 cm −1 / nm 3 ) by energy transfer to rhodamine emitters. Coated NPs stain cells and are thus promising for bioimaging.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
SMILES transfers the optical properties of typical cationic dyes directly and reliably from solution to high-density molecular crystals.
“This small-molecule ionic isolation lattices (SMILES) transfers the optical properties of typical cationic dyes directly and reliably from solution to high-density molecular crystals (Figure 8a).157,158”
From The Pursuit of Shortwave Infrared-Emitting Nanoparticles with Bright Fluorescence through Molecular Design and Excited-State Engineering of Molecular Aggregates (2022) · cites this paper as [158]
A cyanostar macrocycle that binds to hexafluorophosphate anions forms a cyanostar-anion complex, which acts as a binding platform to assemble cationic dyes and enforces charge-by-charge alternating packing to isolate the dye molecules.
“A cyanostar macrocycle that binds to hexafluorophosphate anions forms a cyanostar-anion complex, which acts as a binding platform to assemble cationic dyes and enforces charge-by-charge alternating packing to isolate the dye molecules.”
From The Pursuit of Shortwave Infrared-Emitting Nanoparticles with Bright Fluorescence through Molecular Design and Excited-State Engineering of Molecular Aggregates (2022) · cites this paper as [158]
An alternative approach is based on hierarchical coassembly using a scaffold ensuring spatial and electronic isolation to prohibit fluorescence quenching in an aggregate state.
“An alternative approach is based on hierarchical coassembly using a scaffold ensuring spatial and electronic isolation to prohibit fluorescence quenching in an aggregate state.”
From The Pursuit of Shortwave Infrared-Emitting Nanoparticles with Bright Fluorescence through Molecular Design and Excited-State Engineering of Molecular Aggregates (2022) · cites this paper as [158]
SMILES crystals are formed with most cationic dyes, including cyanines, oxazines, and rhodamines, which deliver predictable optical properties and high fluorescence brightness with high dye densities (one dye per ∼4 nm3).
“SMILES crystals are formed with most cationic dyes, including cyanines, oxazines, and rhodamines, which deliver predictable optical properties and high fluorescence brightness with high dye densities (one dye per ∼4 nm3).”
From The Pursuit of Shortwave Infrared-Emitting Nanoparticles with Bright Fluorescence through Molecular Design and Excited-State Engineering of Molecular Aggregates (2022) · cites this paper as [158]
The citation lists haven’t been fetched yet
References 65 · Cited by 55
- Authors
- Chen, J., Fateminia, S. M. A., Kacenauskaite, L., Bærentsen, N., Grønfeldt Stenspil, S., Bredehoeft, J., Martinez, K. L., Flood, A. H., & Laursen, B. W.
- Affiliations
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Nano-Science Center & Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 København Ø Denmark
- Indiana University Bloomington (US)
- Corresponding author
- Flood, Amar H.
- Laursen, Bo W.
- Venue
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2021-03-11
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 17
- Pages
- 9450-9458
- ISSN
- 1433-7851 (ISSN-L)
- 1521-3773
- OpenAlex
- W3126638282
- Cited by
- 55
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 3
- FWCI
- 3.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition (publishedVersion)
- ChemRxiv (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- Teknologi og Produktion, Det Frie Forskningsråd (DFF - 0136-00122B)
- Lundbeckfonden (R303-2018-3237)
- National Science Foundation (DMR-1533988)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Luminescence and Fluorescent Materials
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Supramolecular Chemistry and Complexes
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Molecular Sensors and Ion Detection
- Keywords
- rhodamine, energy transfer, molecular crystals, fluorescence quantum yield, bioimaging, cell staining
- MeSH terms
- Fluorescent Dyes, Humans, Particle Size, Rhodamines, Ultraviolet Rays, Molecular Structure, Nanoparticles, Small Molecule Libraries, HEK293 Cells, Optical Imaging
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
