MCM2 is involved in subtyping and tamoxifen resistance of ERα‐positive breast cancer by acting as the downstream factor of ERα
Open accessAbstract
Tamoxifen (TAM) resistance is finally developed in over 40% of patients with estrogen receptor α‐positive breast cancer (ERα+‐BC), documenting that discovering new molecular subtype is needed to confer perception to the heterogeneity of ERα+‐BC. We obtained representative gene sets subtyping ERα+‐BC using gene set variation analysis (GSVA), non‐negative matrix factorization (NMF), and COX regression methods on the basis of METABRIC, TCGA, and GEO databases. Furthermore, the risk score of ERα+‐BC subtyping was established using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression on the basis of genes in the representative gene sets, thereby generating the two subtypes of ERα+‐BC. We further found that minichromosome maintenance complex component 2 (MCM2) functioned as the hub gene subtyping ERα+‐BC using GO, KEGG, and MCODE. MCM2 expression was capable for specifically predicting 1‐year overall survival (OS) of ERα+‐BC and correlated with T stage, AJCC stage, and tamoxifen (TAM) sensitivity of ERα+‐BC. The downregulation of MCM2 expression inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of TAM‐resistant cells and promoted G0/G1 arrest. Altogether, tamoxifen resistance entails that MCM2 is a hub gene subtyping ERα+‐BC, providing a novel dimension for discovering a potential target of TAM‐resistant BC.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Tamoxifen acts by competitively blocking the binding of estrogen to ERα and has significantly improved prognosis in patients with ER+ breast cancer.
“Among these agents, Tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, acts by competitively blocking the binding of estrogen to ERα and has significantly improved prognosis in patients with ER+ breast cancer15,21,22.”
From Harnessing artificial intelligence to identify Bufalin as a molecular glue degrader of estrogen receptor alpha (2025) · cites this paper as [22]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Subramanian, A., Tamayo, P., Mootha, V. K., Mukherjee, S., Ebert, B. L., Gillette, M. A., Paulovich, A., Pomeroy, S. L., Golub, T. R., Lander, E. S., et al. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0506580102 · Cited by 53,625 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 12
- Lánczky, A., & Gy őrffy, B. (2021). Web-based survival analysis tool tailored for medical research (KMplot): Development and implemen- tation. Journal of Medical Internet Research [Electronic Resource], 23, e27633.
- Symmans, W. F., Hatzis, C., Sotiriou, C., Andre, F., Peintinger, F., Regitnig, P., Daxenbichler, G., Desmedt, C., Domont, J., Marth, C., Delaloge, S., Bauernhofer, T., Valero, V., Booser, D. J., Hortobagyi, G. N., & Pusztai, L. (2010). Genomic index of sensitivity to endocrine therapy for breast cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 28, 4111-4119.
- Zhao, Y., Wang, H., & Pei, J. (2021). Deep non-negative matrix factor- ization architecture based on underlying basis images learning. Ieee Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 43, 1897- 1913.
- Nicolini, A., Carpi, A., Ferrari, P., Biava, P. M., & Rossi, G. (2016). Immunotherapy and hormone-therapy in metastatic breast cancer: A review and an update. Current Drug Targets, 17, 1127-1139.
- Terranova-Barberio, M., Pawlowska, N., Dhawan, M., Moasser, M., Chien, A. J., Melisko, M. E., Rugo, H., Rahimi, R., Deal, T., Daud, A., Rosenblum, M. D., Thomas, S., & Munster, P. N. (2020). Exhausted T 18607314, 2024, 2, Downloaded from https://analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/biot.202300560 by Mount Vernon Nazarene University, Wiley Online Library on [22/01/2026]. See the Terms and Conditions (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/terms-and-conditions) on Wiley Online Library for rules of use; OA articles are governed by the applicable Creative Commons License cell signature predicts immunotherapy response in ER-positive breast cancer. Nature Communications, 11, 3584.
- Su, H., Jin, Y., Tao, C., Yang, H., Yang, E., Zhang, W. G., & Feng, F. (2023). Th2 cells infiltrating high-grade serous ovarian cancer: A feature that may account for the poor prognosis. Journal of Gynecologic Oncology, 34, e48.
- He, J., Tang, X. F., Chen, Q. Y., Mai, H. Q., Huang, Z. F., Li, J., & Zeng, Y. X. (2012). Ex vivo expansion of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients for adoptive immunotherapy. Chi- nese Journal of Cancer, 31, 287-294.
- Chen, Y., Sun, J., Luo, Y., Liu, J., Wang, X., Feng, R., Huang, J., Du, H., Li, Q., Tan, J., Ren, G., Wang, X., & Li, H. (2022). Pharmaceutical targeting Th2-mediated immunity enhances immunotherapy response in breast cancer. Journal of translational medicine, 20, 615.
- Hellmann, M. D., Ciuleanu, T. E., Pluzanski, A., Lee, J. S., Otterson, G. A., Audigier-Valette, C., Minenza, E., Linardou, H., Burgers, S., Salman, P., Borghaei, H., Ramalingam, S. S., Brahmer, J., Reck, M., O'Byrne, K. J., Geese, W. J., Green, G., Chang, H., Szustakowski, J., . . . Paz-Ares, L. (2018). Nivolumab plus ipilimumab in lung cancer with a high tumor mutational burden. New England Journal of Medicine, 378, 2093-2104.
- Goncalves, M. D., Hopkins, B. D., & Cantley, L. C. (2018). Phosphatidyli- nositol 3-kinase, growth disorders, and cancer. New England Journal of Medicine, 379, 2052-2062.
- Liu, X., Liu, Y., Wang, Q., Song, S., Feng, L., & Shi, C. (2021). The alterations and potential roles of MCMs in breast cancer. Journal of Oncology, 2021, 7928937.
- Lu, W., Zhou, M., Wang, B., Liu, X., & Li, B. (2020). Roquin1 inhibits the proliferation of breast cancer cells by inducing G1/S cell cycle arrest via selectively destabilizing the mRNAs of cell cycle-promoting genes. Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research, 39, 255.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Jiang, S., Liu, K., Jiang, T., Li, H., Wei, X., Wan, X., Zhong, C., Gong, R., Chen, Z., Zou, C., et al. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-62288-7 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Liu, S., Liang, Z., Wang, Y., Ren, Y., Gu, Y., Qiao, Y., He, H., Li, Y., Cheng, Y., & Liu, Y.
- Affiliations
- Jilin University (CN)
- First Hospital of Jilin University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Cheng, Yi
- Liu, Yawen
- Venue
- Biotechnology Journal
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2024-02
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- e2300560-e2300560
- ISSN
- 1860-6768 (ISSN-L)
- 1860-7314
- OpenAlex
- W4392256795
- Cited by
- 1
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1
- FWCI
- 0.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Biotechnology Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Breast Cancer Treatment Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research
- Keywords
- MCM2, tamoxifen resistance, estrogen receptor alpha-positive breast cancer, breast cancer subtyping, hub genes, risk score, overall survival prediction, cell proliferation, migration and invasion, G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, therapeutic target
- MeSH terms
- Breast Neoplasms, Female, Humans, Tamoxifen, Down-Regulation, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, Cell Line, Tumor, Estrogen Receptor alpha, MCF-7 Cells, Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 2
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
