Systemic inflammatory burden and local inflammation in periodontitis: What is the link between inflammatory biomarkers in serum and gingival crevicular fluid?
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In periodontitis patients, high levels of several inflammatory markers may be expressed in serum, reflecting the effect of local disease on the general health. The objective of the present analysis was to compare cytokine levels assessed in peripheral blood with those in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and evaluate the impact of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on the incidence of high levels of 12 biomarkers in serum. Twenty‐four patients with chronic periodontitis (Group P) contributed with serum and GCF samples at baseline (BL) and 1 and 3 months after periodontal treatment (M1 and M3). Samples were assessed for 12 cytokines using the Bio‐Plex bead array multianalyte detection system. For each analyte, peak values were calculated as greater than the mean + 2 SD of the one found in 60 periodontally healthy participants. Significant correlations between serum and GCF values were obtained in the periodontitis group for interleukin (IL) 1ra, IL‐6, and interferon γ at BL and for macrophage inflammatory protein 1β at M3 after treatment. Periodontitis subjects were found to exhibit high peaks for several inflammatory markers in serum. The highest incidence of peaks at BL was found for interferon γ (37.5% of the periodontitis subjects). For the four biomarkers with a detection frequency of >75% at BL (IL‐1ra, IL‐8, macrophage inflammatory protein 1β, and vascular endothelial growth factor), no significant difference was observed over time for the P group or between the two groups at BL. The significant correlation found between the serum and the GCF for certain cytokines and the fact that periodontitis subjects exhibit high peaks for several inflammatory markers in serum may support the hypothesis that the inflammatory reaction due to periodontitis is not restricted to the diseased sites. Within the limitations of the study, periodontal therapy did not seem to have any significant impact on the systemic cytokine levels.
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Diseased periodontal tissues additionally store pro-inflammatory mediators associated with periodontitis.
“Diseased periodontal tissues additionally stores pro‐inflammatory mediators associated with periodontitis.51, 183, 202”
From The oral microbiome: Role of key organisms and complex networks in oral health and disease (2021) · cites this paper as [202]
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References 50 · Cited by 49
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Almaghlouth, A., Giannopoulou, C., Cancela, J., Décaillet, F., Cionca, N., & Mombelli, A. (2011). Multiplex analysis of serologic markers in periodontitis and health. Journal of Dental Research, 90, 2982.
- Authors
- Zekeridou, A., Mombelli, A., Cancela, J., Courvoisier, D., & Giannopoulou, C.
- Affiliations
- University of Geneva (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Zekeridou, Alkisti
- Venue
- Clinical and Experimental Dental Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2019-01-24
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 128-135
- ISSN
- 2057-4347 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6483040
- OpenAlex
- W2911789913
- Cited by
- 49
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 5
- FWCI
- 6.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Clinical and Experimental Dental Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Urology › Periodontal Regeneration and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Pharmacy › Oral and gingival health research
- Keywords
- chronic periodontitis, gingival crevicular fluid, serum cytokines, systemic inflammation, local inflammation, non-surgical periodontal therapy, interleukin-6, interferon-gamma, macrophage inflammatory protein-1β, vascular endothelial growth factor, interleukin-8, biomarkers
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Gingival Crevicular Fluid, Humans, Inflammation, Interferon-gamma, Male, Middle Aged, Periodontitis, Interleukin-6, Case-Control Studies, Cytokines, Interleukin-8, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein, Chemokine CCL4, Young Adult
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