The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Catalytic Depolymerization of Lignin in Supercritical Ethanol
Abstract
One‐step valorization of soda lignin in supercritical ethanol using a CuMgAlOx catalyst results in high monomer yield (23 wt %) without char formation. Aromatics are the main products. The catalyst combines excellent deoxygenation with low ring‐hydrogenation activity. Almost half of the monomer fraction is free from oxygen. Elemental analysis of the THF‐soluble lignin residue after 8 h reaction showed a 68 % reduction in O/C and 24 % increase in H/C atomic ratios as compared to the starting Protobind P1000 lignin. Prolonged reaction times enhanced lignin depolymerization and reduced the amount of repolymerized products. Phenolic hydroxyl groups were found to be the main actors in repolymerization and char formation. 2D HSQC NMR analysis evidenced that ethanol reacts by alkylation and esterification with lignin fragments. Alkylation was found to play an important role in suppressing repolymerization. Ethanol acts as a capping agent, stabilizing the highly reactive phenolic intermediates by O‐alkylating the hydroxyl groups and by C‐alkylating the aromatic rings. The use of ethanol is significantly more effective in producing monomers and avoiding char than the use of methanol. A possible reaction network of the reactions between the ethanol and lignin fragments is discussed.
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Cites
The Catalytic Valorization of Lignin for the Production of Renewable Chemicals
Zakzeski, J., Bruijnincx, P. C. A., Jongerius, A. L., & Weckhuysen, B. M. (2010) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr900354u · Cited by 4,468
Cited by
Catalytic Transformation of Lignin for the Production of Chemicals and Fuels
Li, C., Zhao, X., Wang, A., Huber, G. W., & Zhang, T. (2015) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00155 · Cited by 2,951
Wang, C., Zhang, X., Liu, Q., Zhang, Q., Chen, L., & Ma, L. (2020) · Fuel Processing Technology · doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2020.106485 · Cited by 157
A Multitechnique Characterization of Lignin Softening and Pyrolysis
Shrestha, B., le Brech, Y., Ghislain, T., Leclerc, S., Carré, V., Aubriet, F., Hoppe, S., Marchal, P., Pontvianne, S., Brosse, N., et al. (2017) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b01130 · Cited by 108
Thermal Liquefaction of Lignin to Aromatics: Efficiency, Selectivity, and Product Analysis
Kozliak, E. I., Kubátová, A., Artemyeva, A. A., Nagel, E., Zhang, C., Rajappagowda, R. B., & Smirnova, A. L. (2016) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b01046 · Cited by 98
Kong, L., Zhang, L., Gu, J., Gou, L., Xie, L., Wang, Y., & Dai, L. (2020) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122582 · Cited by 82
Recent advances in hydroliquefaction of biomass for bio-oil production using in situ hydrogen donors
Zhao, B., Hu, Y., Gao, J., Zhao, G., Ray, M. B., & Xu, C. C. (2020) · Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research · doi:10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01649 · Cited by 56
Catalytic depolymerization of organosolv sugarcane bagasse lignin in cooperative ionic liquid pairs
Li, Y., Cai, Z., Liao, M., Long, J., Zhao, W., Chen, Y., & Li, X. (2017) · Catalysis Today · doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2017.04.059 · Cited by 40
Effect of pH on Kraft Lignin Depolymerisation in Subcritical Water
Belkheiri, T., Mattsson, C., Andersson, S.-I., Olausson, L., Åmand, L.-E., Theliander, H., & Vamling, L. (2016) · Energy & Fuels · doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b00462 · Cited by 39
Metadata
- Authors
- Huang, X., Korányi, T. I., Boot, M. D., & Hensen, E. J. M.
- Venue
- ChemSusChem
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-05-27
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 2276-2288
- ISSN
- 1864-5631 (ISSN-L)
- 1864-564X
- OpenAlex
- W2168709607
- Cited by
- 373
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 18.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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