A Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Conversion to CO with High Selectivity and Current Density
Open accessAbstract
We report characterization of a non‐precious metal‐free catalyst for the electrochemical reduction of CO 2 to CO; namely, a pyrolyzed carbon nitride and multiwall carbon nanotube composite. This catalyst exhibits a high selectivity for production of CO over H 2 (approximately 98 % CO and 2 % H 2), as well as high activity in an electrochemical flow cell. The CO partial current density at intermediate cathode potentials (V=−1.46 V vs. Ag/AgCl) is up to 3.5× higher than state‐of‐the‐art Ag nanoparticle‐based catalysts, and the maximum current density is 90 mA cm−2. The mass activity and energy efficiency (up to 48 %) were also higher than the Ag nanoparticle reference. Moving away from precious metal catalysts without sacrificing activity or selectivity may significantly enhance the prospects of electrochemical CO 2 reduction as an approach to reduce atmospheric CO 2 emissions or as a method for load‐leveling in relation to the use of intermittent renewable energy sources.
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Lee et al. observed a significant improvement in their formate FE and stable multi-day production when using a gas phase system compared to a liquid phase electrolyzer.
“For example, Lee et al. observed a significant improvement in their formate FE and stable multi-day production when using a gas phase system compared to a liquid phase electrolyzer.[145]”
From Electrochemical CO <sub>2</sub> Reduction into Chemical Feedstocks: From Mechanistic Electrocatalysis Models to System Design (2019) · cites this paper as [145]
In direct comparisons with liquid phase electrolyzers, gas phase CEM electrolyzers have shown improved performance attributed to improved CO2 availability.
“In direct comparisons with liquid phase electrolyzers, gas phase CEM electrolyzers have shown improved performance attributed to improved CO2 availability.”
From Electrochemical CO <sub>2</sub> Reduction into Chemical Feedstocks: From Mechanistic Electrocatalysis Models to System Design (2019) · cites this paper as [145]
Lee et al. found that elevating the operating temperature from 30 to 70 °C doubled their CO2RR partial current density at the same cell voltage.
“For example, Lee et al. found that elevating the operating temperature from 30 to 70 °C doubled their CO2RR partial current density at the same cell voltage.[145]”
From Electrochemical CO <sub>2</sub> Reduction into Chemical Feedstocks: From Mechanistic Electrocatalysis Models to System Design (2019) · cites this paper as [145]
The maximum operating temperature of the membrane is typically 90 °C and should not be exceeded so as to avoid reduced proton mobility through the membrane and flooding due to increased water crossover from the anode.
“The maximum operating temperature of the membrane, is typically 90 °C and should not be exceeded so as to avoid reduced proton mobility through the membrane, [154] as well as flooding due to increased water crossover from the anode.[145,250]”
From Electrochemical CO <sub>2</sub> Reduction into Chemical Feedstocks: From Mechanistic Electrocatalysis Models to System Design (2019) · cites this paper as [145]
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- Authors
- Jhong, H. M., Tornow, C. E., Smid, B., Gewirth, A. A., Lyth, S. M., & Kenis, P. J. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER) Kyushu University, Nishi-ku 819-0395 Fukuoka Japan
- Kyushu University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Lyth, Stephen M.
- Kenis, Paul J. A.
- Venue
- ChemSusChem
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2016-10-28
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1094-1099
- ISSN
- 1864-5631 (ISSN-L)
- 1864-564X
- OpenAlex
- W2539653824
- Cited by
- 125
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 11
- FWCI
- 4.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- ChemSusChem (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (submittedVersion)
- Strathprints: The University of Strathclyde institutional repository (University of Strathclyde) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Energy (DE-FG02005ER46260, DE-SC0004453)
- National Science Foundation (CTS 05-47617)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts
- Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Catalysis › Catalysts for Methane Reforming
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
- Keywords
- electrochemical CO2 reduction, CO2 to CO conversion, nitrogen-doped carbon catalysts, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, non-noble metal catalysts, CO selectivity, hydrogen selectivity, current density, energy efficiency, mass activity, electrochemical flow cell
- MeSH terms
- Carbon, Carbon Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide, Catalysis, Electric Conductivity, Electrochemistry, Electrodes, Models, Molecular, Molecular Conformation, Nitriles, Nitrogen, Oxidation-Reduction, Nanotubes, Carbon, Nanocomposites
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