From “truly naïve” to “exhausted senescent” T cells: When markers predict functionality
Open accessAbstract
The study of T cell biology has been accelerated by substantial progress at the technological level, particularly through the continuing advancement of flow cytometry. The conventional approach of observing T cells as either T helper or T cytotoxic is overly simplistic and does not allow investigators to clearly identify immune mechanisms or alterations in physiological processes that impact on clinical outcomes. The complexity of T cell sub‐populations, as we understand them today, combined with the immunological and functional diversity of these subsets represent significant complications for the study of T cell biology. In this article, we review the use of classical markers in delineating T cell sub‐populations, from “truly naïve” T cells (recent thymic emigrants with no proliferative history) to “exhausted senescent” T cells (poorly proliferative cells that display severe functional abnormalities) wherein the different phenotypes of these populations reflect their disparate functionalities. In addition, since persistent infections and chronological aging have been shown to be associated with significant alterations in human T cell distribution and function, we also discuss age‐associated and cytomegalovirus‐driven alterations in the expression of key subset markers. © 2013 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
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Terminally differentiated T cells do not express co-stimulatory molecules such as CD27 and CD28, but do express markers such as KLRG-1 and CD57, whose expression is largely overlapping.
“they do not express co-stimulatory molecules such as CD27 and CD28, but do express markers such as KLRG-1 (a co-receptor bearing ITIM motif) and CD57 [337, 338], whose expression is largely overlapping.”
From Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (third edition) (2021) · cites this paper as [338]
Alterations in T-cell activation in healthy elderly may result from accumulation of memory T cells.
“Alterations in T-cell activation in the healthy elderly may also result from accumulation of memory T cells [143, 144].”
From Aging of the immune system: Focus on inflammation and vaccination (2016) · cites this paper as [143]
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References 79 · Cited by 359
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Sylwester AW, Mitchell BL, Edgar JB, Taormina C, Pelte C, Ruchti F, Sleath PR, Grabstein KH, Hosken NA, Kern F, Nelson JA, Picker LJ. Broadly targeted human cytomegalovirus-specific CD41 and CD81 T cells dominate the memory compart- ments of exposed subjects. J Exp Med 2005;202:673-685.
- Di Mitri D, Azevedo RI, Henson SM, Libri V, Riddell NE, Macaulay R, Kipling D, Soares MV, Battistini L, Akbar AN. Reversible senescence in human CD41CD45RA1CD27-memory T cells. J Immunol 2011;187:2093-2100.
- Authors
- Larbi, A., & Fulop, T.
- Affiliations
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research (SG)
- Department of Medicine Geriatrics Division Research Center on Aging University of Sherbrooke Sherbrooke Canada
- Corresponding author
- Larbi, Anis
- ORCID
- Larbi, Anis
- Venue
- Cytometry Part A
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2013-09-30
- Volume
- 85
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 25-35
- ISSN
- 1552-4922 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-4930
- OpenAlex
- W1721778868
- Cited by
- 359
- References
- 79
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 45 · 2020: 43 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 42 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 4
- FWCI
- 0.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Cytometry Part A (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (106634, 106701)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Virology › HIV Research and Treatment
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis
- Keywords
- T cell subsets, T-cell markers, naive T cells, exhausted T cells, T cell senescence, T cell proliferation, T helper cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, viral persistence, cytomegalovirus, immunosenescence, T cell function
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Cell Differentiation, Flow Cytometry, Humans, Biomarkers, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, T-Lymphocyte Subsets, Cellular Senescence, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes
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