Age differences in conditioned place preferences and taste aversions to nicotine
Open accessAbstract
Adolescents and adults differ in their behavioral sensitivities to drugs of abuse, including nicotine. Studies have shown that both rewarding and aversive properties of drugs of abuse can exist concomitantly. The present study investigated the ontogeny of these opposing qualities across a range of doses using a combined conditioned taste aversion and place preference paradigm in pair‐housed rats that were not deprived of food or water. Results indicated that adolescents were more sensitive to the rewarding properties of nicotine than adults. In contrast, although all doses produced a taste aversion at both ages in the same rats, the aversion was weaker at lower than high doses in adolescents whereas adults showed strong aversion at all doses, suggesting modest attenuation in nicotine's aversive properties among adolescents relative to adults. Thus, attenuated aversive and accented appetitive sensitivities of adolescents to nicotine can be experienced simultaneously in the same animals. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 58: 660–666, 2016.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Across the seven CPP studies, increased CPP was found in adolescent-exposed rats and mice as compared to adult-exposed and their relative age-matched controls when tested the following day after conditioning.
“Across the seven studies, increased CPP was found in adolescent-exposed rats and mice as compared to adult-exposed and their relative age-matched controls when tested the following day after conditioning”
From Age-dependent Effects of Tobacco Smoke and Nicotine on Cognition and the Brain: A Systematic Review of the Human and Animal Literature Comparing Adolescents and Adults. (2023) · cites this paper as Dannenhoffer and Spear, 2016
The Conditioned Place Preference results report greater nicotine-paired place preference in adolescent than adult rats at the low dose, and greater preference than adolescent saline controls at the low and moderate doses. The Methods and Procedure describe one study of male rats, not seven studies of rats and mice; the test was on Day 10, after the final unpaired session on Day 9, rather than the day after the last nicotine-paired session on Day 8. The claim overgeneralizes the comparisons and study scope. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAcross both CTA studies, adolescents showed attenuated aversive sensitivity to nicotine, indicating evidence of age effects rather than differences due to housing or training conditions.
“across both studies adolescents were found to show attenuated aversive sensitivity to nicotine, indicating evidence of age effects rather than differences due to housing or training conditions.”
From Age-dependent Effects of Tobacco Smoke and Nicotine on Cognition and the Brain: A Systematic Review of the Human and Animal Literature Comparing Adolescents and Adults. (2023) · cites this paper as Dannenhoffer and Spear, 2016
The Discussion reports modestly weaker nicotine taste aversions in adolescent than adult rats and argues that the opposing age effects on nicotine reward and aversion are not explained by differences across studies in dose, housing, or training. But this paper reports one combined CTA/CPP experiment, not two CTA studies, so it does not establish the claim's 'across both CTA studies' framing. The indexed passages provide section labels but no page numbers. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPaired injections of nicotine and a sucrose + saccharin solution led to conditioned taste aversion (CTA) at all doses in both adolescent- and adult-exposed rats compared to their respective age-matched controls.
“Paired injections of nicotine and a sucrose + saccharin solution led to CTA at all doses in both adolescent- and adult-exposed rats compared to their respective age-matched controls (Dannenhoffer and Spear, 2016).”
From Age-dependent Effects of Tobacco Smoke and Nicotine on Cognition and the Brain: A Systematic Review of the Human and Animal Literature Comparing Adolescents and Adults. (2023) · cites this paper as Dannenhoffer and Spear, 2016
Taken together, these studies suggest that the reward-aversion balance may be shifted towards reduced nicotine aversion and heightened rewarding effects of nicotine during adolescence.
“Taken together, these studies suggest that the reward-aversion balance may be shifted towards reduced nicotine aversion and heightened rewarding effects of nicotine during adolescence.”
From Age-dependent Effects of Tobacco Smoke and Nicotine on Cognition and the Brain: A Systematic Review of the Human and Animal Literature Comparing Adolescents and Adults. (2023) · cites this paper as Dannenhoffer and Spear, 2016
Although both age groups displayed CTA, the aversion was weaker in the adolescent-exposed rats compared to adult-exposed rats.
“Although both age groups displayed CTA, the aversion was weaker in the adolescent-exposed rats compared to adult-exposed rats.”
From Age-dependent Effects of Tobacco Smoke and Nicotine on Cognition and the Brain: A Systematic Review of the Human and Animal Literature Comparing Adolescents and Adults. (2023) · cites this paper as Dannenhoffer and Spear, 2016
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
The citation lists haven’t been fetched yet
References 30 · Cited by 26
- Authors
- Dannenhoffer, C. A., & Spear, L. P.
- Affiliations
- Binghamton University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Dannenhoffer, Carol A.
- Venue
- Developmental Psychobiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2016-03-30
- Volume
- 58
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 660-666
- ISSN
- 0012-1630 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-2302
- OpenAlex
- W2229860095
- Cited by
- 26
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2016: 4
- FWCI
- 2.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Developmental Psychobiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (P50AA017823)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- nicotine, conditioned taste aversion, conditioned place preference, adolescent development, age differences, drug reward, drug aversion, ontogeny, nicotine dose-response
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Behavior, Animal, Conditioning, Classical, Cotinine, Male, Nicotine, Reward, Taste, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Nicotinic Agonists, Rats
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
