Next-generation biofuels and platform biochemicals from lignocellulosic biomass
Open accessAbstract
Rapid industrialization, increasing fuel prices, exhausting fossil fuel resources and greenhouse gas emissions are some of the factors instilling the search for alternative sources of energy and chemicals. Lignocellulose biomass-derived biofuels and biochemicals have emerged as clean products to complement fossil-based resources and reduce environmental impacts. Lignocellulosic biomasses are renewable, inexpensive and abundantly available resources to produce a wide variety of liquid, gaseous and solid biofuels and industrially relevant biochemicals. Different biological (e.g., fermentation and anaerobic digestion), thermochemical (e.g., liquefaction, gasification and pyrolysis) and catalytic (e.g., transesterification) conversion technologies can be used to produce fuel and chemical products from lignocellulosic biomass. This article makes a comprehensive review of different biofuels (e.g., biodiesel, bio-oil, bioethanol, biobutanol, biogas, hydrogen, syngas and jetfuel) and value-added biochemicals (e.g., propylene, ethylene, benzene, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, levulinic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, phenols and other aromatic compounds) from lignocellulosic biomass. Additionally, the current status, challenges and future perspectives for the production and utilization of biofuels and biochemicals are systematically discussed.
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Major classifications for liquid biofuels relate to feedstock origin and production pathway, distinguishing triglyceride-based fuels from lignocellulosic-based fuels.
“Major classifications for liquid biofuels often relate to their feedstock origin and production pathway, distinguishing between, for instance, triglyceride-based fuels derived primarily from oils and fats (1-G sources like palm oil or soybean oil [94,113]) and lignocellulosic-based fuels produced from nonfood plant matter (2-G sources like agricultural residues or forestry wastes) [116,117,224].”
From Biofuels, E-Fuels, and Waste-Derived Fuels: Advances, Challenges, and Future Directions (2025) · cites this paper as [224]
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- Authors
- Okolie, J. A., Mukherjee, A., Nanda, S., Dalai, A. K., & Kozinski, J. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Saskatchewan (CA)
- Faculty of Engineering Lakehead University Thunder Bay Ontario Canada
- Corresponding author
- Dalai, Ajay K.
- Venue
- International Journal of Energy Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2021-04-20
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 14145-14169
- ISSN
- 0363-907X (ISSN-L)
- 1099-114X
- OpenAlex
- W3159905391
- Cited by
- 184
- References
- 183
- Citations by year
- 2026: 36 · 2025: 45 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 13
- FWCI
- 7.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Energy Research (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Canada Research Chairs
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Catalysis for Biomass Conversion
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Keywords
- lignocellulosic biomass, biofuels, bio-oil, bioethanol, biobutanol, biodiesel, biogas, syngas, jet fuel, hydrogen production, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, levulinic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, phenols, biomass conversion technologies, anaerobic digestion, pyrolysis, gasification, transesterification, fermentation
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