Gadolinium as a new emerging contaminant of aquatic environments
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ion, without toxic effects. Generally, GBCAs are considered some of the safest contrast agents. However, it has been observed that they can accumulate in patient tissue, bone, and probably brain (causing nephrogenic systemic fibrosis in patients with kidney failure or insufficiency and disturbance of calcium homeostasis in the organism). The GBCAs are predominantly removed renally without metabolization. Subsequently, they do not undergo degradation processes in wastewater-treatment plants and are emitted into the aquatic ecosystem. Their occurrence was confirmed in surface waters (up to 1100 ng/L), sediments (up to 90.5 μg/g), and living organisms. Based on a literature review, there is a need to investigate the contamination of different ecosystems and to ascertain the environmental fate of Gd. Long-term ecotoxicological data, degradation, metabolism, bioaccumulation processes, and biochemical effects of the Gd complexes should be explored. These data can be used to assess detailed environmental risks because currently only hotspots with high levels of Gd can be marked as dangerous for aquatic environments according to environmental risk assessments. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:1523-1534. © 2018 SETAC.
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Due to poor waste management practices and overt pollution, contrast agents are increasingly being found in wastewater, groundwater, rivers, and oceans, eventually making their way into drinking water and food.
“due to poor waste management practices and overt pollution, they are increasingly being found in wastewater, groundwater, rivers, and oceans, 33 eventually making their way into our drinking water and the food we consume”
From AI and Neurotechnology (2023) · cites this paper as [33]
The paper’s Levels of Gd in the Environment and Conclusions sections report that contrast-agent residues pass through wastewater treatment and have been found in surface water, groundwater, coastal waters, and drinking water. Its Ecotoxicity section says they may reach the human food chain, not that they have been found in food. The paper identifies excretion and insufficient wastewater treatment as the pathway; it does not establish poor waste management and overt pollution as the causes claimed. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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Berger, S., & Rossi, F. (2023) · Communications of the ACM · doi:10.1145/3529088 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
- Authors
- Rogowska, J., Olkowska, E., Ratajczyk, W., & Wolska, L.
- Affiliations
- Gdańsk Medical University (PL)
- Corresponding author
- Rogowska, Justyna
- Venue
- Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2018-02-23
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1523-1534
- ISSN
- 0730-7268 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-8618
- OpenAlex
- W2793552531
- Cited by
- 242
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 29 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 44 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 1.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Lanthanide and Transition Metal Complexes
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
- Keywords
- gadolinium, gadolinium-based contrast agents, emerging contaminants, aquatic environment, nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, environmental fate, bioaccumulation, ecotoxicology, wastewater treatment, surface water contamination, sediment contamination, environmental risk assessment
- MeSH terms
- Contrast Media, Gadolinium, Humans, Seawater, Water Pollutants, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Rivers, Coordination Complexes, Wastewater
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