The DOI matches its Crossref record; 38 of the 38 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The theory of planned behavior: Frequently asked questions
Abstract
The theory of planned behavior (TPB — Ajzen, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 1991, 50, 179 – 211; Ajzen, Handbook of theories of social psychology, 2012, 1, 438 – 459) has been widely applied to the prediction and change of behavior, including behavior related to the use of technology. This article provides a brief description of the theory and discusses a number of issues and questions that have been raised with respect to the TPB. Among the issues discussed are the difference between the TPB and the theory of reasoned action, perceived behavioral con-trol versus self-efficacy, the difference between perceived behavioral control and locus of control, the possibility of including additional predictors in the TPB, non-availability of a standard TPB questionnaire, predicting behavior in a choice situation, the intention-behavior gap, and a comparison of the technology acceptance model to the TPB.
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In the citing paper
“According to TPB, behavioral intention, which includes attitude toward the behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, serves as the main determinant of actual behavior [11].”
From Enhancing Digital Financial Literacy and Digital Trust for Sustainable Online Loan Adoption among Micro-Entrepreneurs in Developing Economies (2026) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“Despite its established utility, the TPB is inherently adaptable, allowing for the inclusion of additional predictors to enhance its explanatory power (Ajzen 2020).”
From Does Greenwashing Wash Away Gen Z's Green Purchase Intention? (2025) · cites this paper as Ajzen 2020
Citations
Cites
The theory of planned behavior
Ajzen, I. (1991) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-t · Cited by 90,587
Self-citationPerceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology
Davis, F. D. (1989) · MIS Quarterly · doi:10.2307/249008 · Cited by 68,483
Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change
Bandura, A. (1977) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.84.2.191 · Cited by 43,925
(1975) · PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation) · Cited by 36,737
Self-citationA Theoretical Extension of the Technology Acceptance Model: Four Longitudinal Field Studies
Venkatesh, V., & Davis, F. D. (2000) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.46.2.186.11926 · Cited by 23,066
Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement.
Rotter, J. B. (1966) · Psychological Monographs: General and Applied · doi:10.1037/h0092976 · Cited by 21,937
From Intentions to Actions: A Theory of Planned Behavior
Ajzen, I. (1985) · Action Control · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-69746-3_2 · Cited by 19,057
Self-citation(1988) · Cited by 6,825
Self-citationThe Theory of Planned Behavior
Ajzen, I. (2012) · SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781446249215.n22 · Cited by 5,514
Self-citationImplementation intentions: Strong effects of simple plans.
Gollwitzer, P. M. (1999) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.54.7.493 · Cited by 5,478
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Winkelnkemper P., 1919, A meta‐analytic structural equation analysis of theory of planned behavior research
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Ivanov, S., Soliman, M., Tuomi, A., Alkathiri, N. A., & Al-Alawi, A. N. (2024) · Technology in Society · doi:10.1016/j.techsoc.2024.102521 · Cited by 397
Exploring ethical consumption of generation Z: theory of planned behaviour
Djafarova, E., & Foots, S. (2022) · Young Consumers Insight and Ideas for Responsible Marketers · doi:10.1108/yc-10-2021-1405 · Cited by 387
Abid, S. K., Sulaiman, N., Chan, S. W., Nazir, U., Abid, M., Han, H., Ariza-Montes, A., & Vega-Muñoz, A. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su132212560 · Cited by 267
ChatGPT in education: global reactions to AI innovations
Fütterer, T., Fischer, C., Alekseeva, A., Chen, X., Tate, T., Warschauer, M., & Gerjets, P. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-42227-6 · Cited by 242
Briliana, V., & Mursito, N. (2017) · Asia Pacific Management Review · doi:10.1016/j.apmrv.2017.07.012 · Cited by 245
Metadata
- Authors
- Ajzen, I.
- Affiliations
- University of Massachusetts Amherst (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ajzen, Icek
- ORCID
- Ajzen, Icek
- Venue
- Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2020-06-10
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 314-324
- ISSN
- 2578-1863 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3034582256
- Cited by
- 3,347
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 688 · 2025: 825 · 2024: 677 · 2023: 536 · 2022: 433 · 2021: 170 · 2020: 9
- FWCI
- 259.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Social Sciences › Communication › Media Influence and Health
- Keywords
- theory of planned behavior, attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, behavioral intention, behavior prediction
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