Differences in genetic and environmental influences on the human cerebral cortex associated with development during childhood and adolescence
Open accessAbstract
In this report, we present the first regional quantitative analysis of age‐related differences in the heritability of cortical thickness using anatomic MRI with a large pediatric sample of twins, twin siblings, and singletons (n = 600, mean age 11.1 years, range 5–19). Regions of primary sensory and motor cortex, which develop earlier, both phylogenetically and ontologically, show relatively greater genetic effects earlier in childhood. Later developing regions within the dorsal prefrontal cortex and temporal lobes conversely show increasingly prominent genetic effects with maturation. The observation that regions associated with complex cognitive processes such as language, tool use, and executive function are more heritable in adolescents than children is consistent with previous studies showing that IQ becomes increasingly heritable with maturity(Plomin et al. 1997: Psychol Sci 8:442–447). These results suggest that both the specific cortical region and the age of the population should be taken into account when using cortical thickness as an intermediate phenotype to link genes, environment, and behavior. Hum Brain Mapp, 2009. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
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Relative to brain function, brain structure has a strong genetic basis and may therefore demonstrate individual differences that are more stable, with more evolutionarily novel areas, like the PFC, showing increasing heritability from childhood to adolescence.
“Relative to brain function, brain structure has a strong genetic basis and may therefore demonstrate individual differences that are more stable, with more evolutionarily novel areas, like the PFC, showing increasing heritability from childhood to adolescence (Jansen et al., 2015, Lenroot et al., 2009).”
From Adolescent neurobiological susceptibility to social context (2016) · cites this paper as Lenroot et al., 2009
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References 72 · Cited by 320
- Authors
- Lenroot, R. K., Schmitt, J. E., Ordaz, S. J., Wallace, G. L., Neale, M. C., Lerch, J. P., Kendler, K. S., Evans, A. C., & Giedd, J. N.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Virginia Commonwealth University (US)
- Hospital for Sick Children (CA)
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Lenroot, Rhoshel K.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Human Brain Mapping
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2007-11-27
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 163-174
- ISSN
- 1065-9471 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-0193
- PMC
- PMC6870600
- OpenAlex
- W2172163771
- Cited by
- 320
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 29.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Human Brain Mapping (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (MH-20030)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-20030, R01MH065322, MH 65322)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- heritability, cortical thickness, cerebral cortex, brain development, childhood, adolescence, genetic factors, environmental influences, twin studies, prefrontal cortex, temporal lobe, endophenotypes, gene-environment interaction
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Age Factors, Aging, Cerebral Cortex, Child, Child, Preschool, Cognition, Environment, Female, Humans, Intelligence, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Motor Cortex, Phenotype, Somatosensory Cortex, Temporal Lobe, Prefrontal Cortex, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Inheritance Patterns, Young Adult
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