Mycobacterium‐containing phagosomes are accessible to early endosomes and reflect a transitional state in normal phagosome biogenesis.
Open accessAbstract
The success of Mycobacterium as a pathogen hinges on its ability to modulate its intracellular environment. Mycobacterium avium reside in vacuoles with limited proteolytic activity, maintain cathepsin D in an immature form and remain accessible to internalized transferrin. Artificial acidification of isolated phagosomes facilitated processing of cathepsin D, demonstrating that pH alone limits proteolysis in these vacuoles. Moreover, analysis of IgG-bead phagosomes at early time points during their formation indicates that these phagosomes also acquire LAMP 1 and cathepsin D prior to the accumulation of proton-ATPases, and are transiently accessible to sorting endosomes. This suggests that the anomolous distribution of endosomal proteins in M. avium-containing vacuoles results from their arrested differentiation in an early transitional stage through which all phagosomes pass.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Some hydrolases such as cathepsin D depend on further processing by other proteases and/or autocatalysis to generate the enzymatically active forms.
“Some of those such as cathepsin D depend on further processing by other proteases and/or autocatalysis to generate the enzymatically active forms (40).”
From Macrophage defense mechanisms against intracellular bacteria (2015) · cites this paper as [40]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
The citation lists haven’t been fetched yet
References 51 · Cited by 356
- Authors
- Sturgill‐Koszycki, S., Schaible, U. E., & Russell, D. G.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Venue
- The EMBO Journal
- Published
- 1996-12-01
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 24
- Pages
- 6960-6968
- ISSN
- 0261-4189 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2075
- PMC
- PMC452522
- OpenAlex
- W2296824252
- Cited by
- 356
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 7.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The EMBO Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Public Health Service
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL055936, HL-55936)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI-33348, P01AI033348)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Keywords
- Mycobacterium avium, phagosome biogenesis, early endosomes, cathepsin D, LAMP1, phagosome acidification, proteolysis, transferrin, H+-ATPase
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cathepsin D, Proton-Translocating ATPases, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Immunoglobulin G, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mycobacterium avium, Phagosomes, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Endosomes, Vacuoles, Microscopy, Immunoelectron, Mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
