The Recent Prevalence of Osteoporosis and Low Bone Mass in the United States Based on Bone Mineral Density at the Femoral Neck or Lumbar Spine
Open accessAbstract
The goal of our study was to estimate the prevalence of osteoporosis and low bone mass based on bone mineral density (BMD) at the femoral neck and the lumbar spine in adults 50 years and older in the United States (US). We applied prevalence estimates of osteoporosis or low bone mass at the femoral neck or lumbar spine (adjusted by age, sex, and race/ethnicity to the 2010 Census) for the noninstitutionalized population aged 50 years and older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2010 to 2010 US Census population counts to determine the total number of older US residents with osteoporosis and low bone mass. There were more than 99 million adults aged 50 years and older in the US in 2010. Based on an overall 10.3% prevalence of osteoporosis, we estimated that in 2010, 10.2 million older adults had osteoporosis. The overall low bone mass prevalence was 43.9%, from which we estimated that 43.4 million older adults had low bone mass. We estimated that 7.7 million non-Hispanic white, 0.5 million non-Hispanic black, and 0.6 million Mexican American adults had osteoporosis, and another 33.8, 2.9, and 2.0 million had low bone mass, respectively. When combined, osteoporosis and low bone mass at the femoral neck or lumbar spine affected an estimated 53.6 million older US adults in 2010. Although most of the individuals with osteoporosis or low bone mass were non-Hispanic white women, a substantial number of men and women from other racial/ethnic groups also had osteoporotic BMD or low bone mass. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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More than 9.9 million Americans have osteoporosis and an additional 43.1 million have low bone density.
“Based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (NHANES III), NOF has estimated that more than 9.9 million Americans have osteoporosis and an additional 43.1 million have low bone density [2].”
From Clinician’s Guide to Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis (2014) · cites this paper as [2]
The Introduction (page not provided) says the NOF estimate based on NHANES III was approximately 10 million adults with osteoporosis and an additional 33 million with low bone mass—not 43.1 million. The Results report a separate, later estimate of 10.2 million and 43.4 million based on NHANES 2005–2010. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe maximum total BMD loss has been previously estimated to be 69.0% relative to astronauts' pre-flight BMD, obtained by combining data from different large studies in humans.
“The maximum total BMD loss has been previously estimated to be 69.0% relative to the astronauts’ pre-flight BMD [18], and obtained by combining data from different large studies in humans [23,24].”
From A human mission to Mars: Predicting the bone mineral density loss of astronauts (2020) · cites this paper as [24]
The Methods describe a large human BMD study using NHANES 2005–2010 data and Census counts. That supports citing this paper as a human population study, but our copy does not describe combining studies to estimate astronauts’ maximum BMD loss. The 69.0% figure is attached to a different citation, [18], in the citing sentence. (LLM, conf=0.79)
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References 42 · Cited by 1,801
- Authors
- Wright, N. C., Looker, A. C., Saag, K. G., Curtis, J. R., Delzell, E. S., Randall, S., & Dawson-Hughes, B.
- Affiliations
- University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
- National Center for Health Statistics (US)
- Bone Health and Osteoporosis Foundation (US)
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on AgingTufts UniversityBostonMAUSA
- Corresponding author
- Wright, Nicole C
- Venue
- Journal of Bone and Mineral Research
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2014-04-26
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 2520-2526
- ISSN
- 0884-0431 (ISSN-L)
- 1523-4681
- PMC
- PMC4757905
- OpenAlex
- W1606867770
- Cited by
- 1,801
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 90 · 2025: 141 · 2024: 188 · 2023: 196 · 2022: 185 · 2021: 205 · 2020: 208 · 2019: 165 · 2018: 137 · 2017: 125 · 2016: 91 · 2015: 57 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 4
- FWCI
- 96.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
- Locations
- Journal of Bone and Mineral Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Alabama at Birmingham
- National Institutes of Health (CC999999)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
- Keywords
- osteoporosis, osteopenia, bone mineral density, femoral neck, lumbar spine, prevalence estimation, older adults, racial and ethnic differences, sex differences, NHANES, United States
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Femur Neck, Humans, Lumbar Vertebrae, Male, Middle Aged, Osteoporosis, Sex Factors, United States, Bone Density, Prevalence
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