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Anger Assessment in Clinical and Nonclinical Populations: Further Validation of the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2: Further Validation of the STAXI-2
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: The most commonly used instrument for measuring anger is the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 (STAXI-2; Spielberger, 1999). This study further examines the validity of the STAXI-2 and compares anger scores between several clinical and nonclinical samples. METHOD: Reliability, concurrent, and construct validity were investigated in Dutch undergraduate students (N = 764), a general population sample (N = 1211), and psychiatric outpatients (N = 226). RESULTS: The results support the reliability and validity of the STAXI-2. Concurrent validity was strong, with meaningful correlations between the STAXI-2 scales and anger-related constructs in both clinical and nonclinical samples. Importantly, patients showed higher experience and expression of anger than the general population sample. Additionally, forensic outpatients with addiction problems reported higher Anger Expression-Out than general psychiatric outpatients. CONCLUSION: Our conclusion is that the STAXI-2 is a suitable instrument to measure both the experience and the expression of anger in both general and clinical populations.
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The internal consistency of the STAXI-II subscales ranges from 0.72 to 0.96 in psychiatric patients and has strong convergent and divergent validity.
“The internal consistency of the STAXI-II subscales ranges from 0.72 to 0.96 in psychiatric patients and has strong convergent and divergent validity [36].”
From A randomized controlled trial of yoga vs nonaerobic exercise for veterans with PTSD: Understanding efficacy, mechanisms of change, and mode of delivery (2021) · cites this paper as [36]
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References 42 · Cited by 112
Research works printed but not linked: 6
- Costa, 1992, Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) professional manual
- Derogatis, 1977, SCL-90-R, administration, scoring & procedures manual-I for the R(evised) version
- Hoekstra, 2014, Handleiding NEO-3 persoonlijkheidsvragenlijst [Manual NEO 3 personality questionnaire]
- Hoekstra, 1996, Handleiding NEO persoonlijkheids-vragenlijsten NEO-PI-R en NEO-FFI [Manual NEO personality questionnaires NEO-PI-R and NEO-FFI]
- Rohrmann, 2013, STAXI-2, Das State-Trait-Ärgerausdrucks-Inventar-2
- Spielberger, 1988, Manual for the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory
Metadata
- Authors
- Lievaart, M., Franken, I. H. A., & Hovens, J. E.
- Affiliations
- Erasmus University Rotterdam (NL)
- Antes (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Lievaart, Marien
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Psychology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2016-01-14
- Volume
- 72
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 263-278
- ISSN
- 0021-9762 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2233966346
- Cited by
- 112
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 10.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Emotions and Moral Behavior
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Keywords
- anger, STAXI-2, anger expression, anger experience, psychometric validation, construct validity, concurrent validity, reliability statistics, psychiatric outpatients, addiction
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Anger, Mental Disorders, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Outpatients, Psychological Tests, Psychometrics, Students, Reproducibility of Results, Expressed Emotion, Young Adult
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