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A staging system for mouse limb development
Abstract
A series of 15 stages of development for the mouse limb bud have been defined, spanning the time from the first appearance of the limb bud to the completion of limb outgrowth. The stages are based on changes in the morphology of the limb in living preparations. The development and regression of the apical ectodermal ridge (AER) as well as the development of the skeletal structures are also described. This staging system has been developed in response to the need to standardize in situ experimental analyses of the mouse limb bud. Comparable stages of the commonly used chick wing and mouse whole embryo systems are presented.
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Citations
Cited by
Lyons, K. M., Pelton, R. W., & Hogan, B. L. M. (1990) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.109.4.833 · Cited by 614
FGF-4 and BMP-2 have opposite effects on limb growth
Niswander, L., & Martin, G. R. (1993) · Nature · doi:10.1038/361068a0 · Cited by 377
Examining pattern formation in mouse, chicken and frog embryos with an En-specific antiserum
Davis, C. A., Holmyard, D. P., Millen, K. J., & Joyner, A. L. (1991) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.111.2.287 · Cited by 321
Isl1Cre reveals a common Bmp pathway in heart and limb development
Yang, L., Cai, C.-L., Lin, L., Qyang, Y., Chung, C., Monteiro, R. M., Mummery, C. L., Fishman, G. I., Cogen, A., & Evans, S. (2006) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.02322 · Cited by 267
Developmental analysis of the retinoic acid-inducible RAR-βJ2 promoter in transgenic animals
Mendelsohn, C., Ruberte, E., Lemeur, M., Morriss-Kay, G., & Chambon, P. (1991) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.113.3.723 · Cited by 258
Metadata
- Authors
- Wanek, N., Muneoka, K., Holler‐dinsmore, G., Burton, R., & Bryant, S. V.
- Venue
- Journal of Experimental Zoology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1989-01
- Volume
- 249
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 41-49
- ISSN
- 0022-104X (ISSN-L)
- 1097-010X
- OpenAlex
- W2008850214
- Cited by
- 222
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 3.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: A staging system for mouse limb development. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1002/jez.1402490109
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- Wanek, N., Muneoka, K., Holler‐dinsmore, G., Burton, R., & Bryant, S. V. (1989). A staging system for mouse limb development. Journal of Experimental Zoology. https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.1402490109
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
