Highly potent mRNA based cancer vaccines represent an attractive platform for combination therapies supporting an improved therapeutic effect
Open accessAbstract
Direct vaccination with mRNA encoding tumor antigens is a novel and promising approach in cancer immunotherapy. CureVac's mRNA vaccines contain free and protamine‐complexed mRNA. Such two‐component mRNA vaccines support both antigen expression and immune stimulation. These self‐adjuvanting RNA vaccines, administered intradermally without any additional adjuvant, induce a comprehensive balanced immune response, comprising antigen specific CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells and B cells. The balanced immune response results in a strong anti‐tumor effect and complete protection against antigen positive tumor cells. This tumor inhibition elicited by mRNA vaccines is a result of the concerted action of different players. After just two intradermal vaccinations, we observe multiple changes at the tumor site, including the up‐regulation of many genes connected to T and natural killer cell activation, as well as genes responsible for improved infiltration of immune cells into the tumor via chemotaxis. The two‐component mRNA vaccines induce a very fast and boostable immune response. Therefore, the vaccination schedules can be adjusted to suit the clinical situation. Moreover, by combining the mRNA vaccines with therapies in clinical use (chemotherapy or anti‐CTLA‐4 antibody therapy), an even more effective anti‐tumor response can be elicited. The first clinical data obtained from two separate Phase I/IIa trials conducted in PCA (prostate cancer) and NSCLC (non‐small cell lung carcinoma) patients have shown that the two‐component mRNA vaccines are safe, well tolerated and highly immunogenic in humans. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Both CVnCoV and CV2CoV are based on RNActive technology and consist of non-chemically modified sequence-engineered mRNA without pseudouridine.
“Both CVnCoV and CV2CoV are based on RNActive technology4–7 and consist of non-chemically modified sequence-engineered mRNA without pseudouridine6–12.”
From Optimization of non-coding regions for a non-modified mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (2022) · cites this paper as [5]
The RNActive technology section (page unavailable) describes CureVac’s RNActive mRNA vaccines, and Results and Discussion describes sequence engineering of their coding and noncoding regions. The paper does not identify CVnCoV or CV2CoV or establish that either uses this technology; it also does not state that their mRNA is chemically unmodified or lacks pseudouridine. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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References 69 · Cited by 103
Research works printed but not linked: 3
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- Authors
- Fotin‐Mleczek, M., Zanzinger, K., Heidenreich, R., Lorenz, C., Thess, A., Duchardt, K. M., & Kallen, K.
- Affiliations
- CureVac (Germany) (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Fotin‐Mleczek, Mariola
- Venue
- The Journal of Gene Medicine
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-06
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 428-439
- ISSN
- 1099-498X (ISSN-L)
- 1521-2254
- OpenAlex
- W1594820532
- Cited by
- 103
- References
- 69
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 4.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Journal of Gene Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Keywords
- mRNA vaccines, cancer immunotherapy, self-adjuvanting vaccine, tumor antigens, intradermal vaccination, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, B cells, natural killer cells, immune cell infiltration, chemotaxis, anti-CTLA-4 antibody, combination therapy, chemotherapy, prostate cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, vaccine safety and immunogenicity
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antigens, Neoplasm, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung, Cell Line, Combined Modality Therapy, HeLa Cells, Humans, Immunotherapy, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Prostatic Neoplasms, RNA, Messenger, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Vaccines, DNA, Cancer Vaccines, Mice
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