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Cited by 386

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 92 of the 92 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Macrophage responses to hypoxia: relevance to disease mechanisms

Lewis, J S, Lee, J A, Underwood, J C E, Harris, A L, Lewis, C E·1999·Journal of Leukocyte Biology

Abstract

Macrophages are ubiquitous in the stromal compartment of tissues under normal physiological conditions and the number of these cells increases markedly with the onset and progression of many pathological states. The mechanisms underlying this response are well described in such conditions as wound healing and malignant tumors, where tissue-specific signals enhance the extravasation of blood monocytes and their subsequent differentiation into macrophages. Recent evidence suggests that macrophages may also be stimulated by microenvironmental factors present in diseased tissues to perform distinct, tissue-specific activities. One such factor, hypoxia (low oxygen tension), results from insufficient vascular perfusion of a given tissue. Various studies have shown that experimental hypoxia alters the morphology, expression of cell surface markers, viability, phagocytosis, metabolic activity, and release of cytokines by macrophages. Here we review the evidence for these macrophage responses to hypoxia, the involvement of co-stimuli, and their implications for the role of macrophages in various disease processes. Because the intracellular mechanisms mediating the effects of hypoxia on gene expression in other cell types have been characterized recently, we discuss their possible involvement in the effects of hypoxia on gene expression in macrophages. J. Leukoc. Biol. 66: 889–900; 1999.

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Metadata

Authors
Lewis, J. S., Lee, J. A., Underwood, J. C. E., Harris, A. L., & Lewis, C. E.
Venue
Journal of Leukocyte Biology
Published
1999-12-01
Volume
66
Issue
6
Pages
889-900
ISSN
  • 0741-5400 (ISSN-L)
  • 1938-3673
OpenAlex
W1957500099
Cited by
386
References
92
FWCI
2.78
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Macrophage responses to hypoxia: relevance to disease mechanisms. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1002/jlb.66.6.889
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Lewis, J. S., Lee, J. A., Underwood, J. C. E., Harris, A. L., & Lewis, C. E. (1999). Macrophage responses to hypoxia: relevance to disease mechanisms. Journal of Leukocyte Biology. https://doi.org/10.1002/jlb.66.6.889

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

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