Mortality Patterns of Asian Elephants in a Region of Human–Elephant Conflict
Abstract
Many wildlife species suffer from human–wildlife conflict, especially crop‐raiding. Long‐term analyses of mortality patterns are needed to assess the efficacy of management strategies that address this issue. We report mortality patterns from necropsies of 498 Asian elephants from 2009–2018 in an area of northwestern Sri Lanka. Deaths were lowest in July and highest in October, a period of peak crop availability. Most (about 70%) deaths were human‐related, and males were killed in these incidents more frequently than females. As gunshot deaths decreased, other forms of human‐related deaths increased. Additionally, causes of death differed between districts, with more intentional human‐related mortality observed in the district with the highest percent of protected land. These results highlight the importance of understanding the long‐term spatial and temporal variation in wildlife mortality to effectively address human–wildlife conflict. © 2021 The Wildlife Society.
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References 43 · Cited by 37
- Authors
- LaDue, C. A., Eranda, I., Jayasinghe, C., & Vandercone, R. P. G.
- Affiliations
- George Mason University (US)
- Rajarata University of Sri Lanka (LK)
- Department of Wildlife Conservation Battaramulla —10120 Sri Lanka
- Corresponding author
- LaDue, Chase A.
- Venue
- The Journal of Wildlife Management
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2021-02-22
- Volume
- 85
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 794-802
- ISSN
- 0022-541X (ISSN-L)
- 1937-2817
- OpenAlex
- W3131400020
- Cited by
- 37
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4
- FWCI
- 3.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Wildlife Management (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Keywords
- Asian elephant, human-wildlife conflict, crop raiding, wildlife mortality, necropsy, human-related mortality, seasonal variation in mortality, sex differences in mortality, protected areas, Sri Lanka
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