Natural D ‐glucose as a biodegradable MRI contrast agent for detecting cancer
Open accessAbstract
Purpose: Modern imaging technologies such as CT, PET, SPECT, and MRI employ contrast agents to visualize the tumor microenvironment, providing information on malignancy and response to treatment. Currently, all clinical imaging agents require chemical labeling, i.e. with iodine (CT), radioisotopes (PET/SPECT), or paramagnetic metals (MRI). The goal was to explore the possibility of using simple D ‐glucose as an infusable biodegradable MRI agent for cancer detection. Methods: D ‐glucose signals were detected using chemical exchange saturation transfer (glucoCEST) MRI of its hydroxyl groups. Feasibility was established in phantoms as well as in vivo using two human breast cancer cell lines, MDA‐MB‐231 and MCF‐7, implanted orthotopically in nude mice. PET and contrast‐enhanced MRI were also acquired. Results: Both tumor types exhibited significant glucoCEST signal enhancement during systemic sugar infusion (mild hyperglycemia), allowing their noninvasive visualization. GlucoCEST showed differences between types, while PET and CE‐MRI did not. Data are discussed in terms of signal contributions from the increased vascular volume in tumors and especially from the acidic extracellular extravascular space (EES), where glucoCEST signal is expected to be enhanced due to a slow down of hydroxyl proton exchange. Conclusions: This observation opens up the possibility for using simple non‐toxic sugars as contrast agents for cancer detection with MRI by employing hydroxyl protons as a natural label. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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GlucoCEST signal arising from free glucose and products arising from its metabolism can be present in any of three tissue compartments: intravascular, extravascular-extracellular, and intracellular.
“However, the glucoCEST signal arising from free glucose and products arising from its metabolism can be present in any of three tissue compartments: intravascular, extravascular–extracellular, and intracellular (Chan et al., 2012, Nasrallah et al., 2013, Walker-Samuel et al., 2013).”
From In vivo imaging of tau pathology using multi-parametric quantitative MRI (2015) · cites this paper as Chan et al., 2012
The Results and Discussion describe a small intravascular glucoCEST contribution and a larger contribution from the extravascular–extracellular space. The Discussion says intracellular glucose and phosphorylated derivatives are unlikely to contribute because they are rapidly metabolized to lactate, so it does not support intracellular signal as a comparable possibility. Our copy provides no page numbers for these passages. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Cited by
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In vivo imaging of tau pathology using multi-parametric quantitative MRI
Wells, J. A., O'Callaghan, J. M., Holmes, H. E., Powell, N. M., Johnson, R. A., Siow, B., Torrealdea, F., Ismail, O., Walker-Samuel, S., Golay, X., et al. (2015) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.02.023 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
- Authors
- Chan, K. W. Y., McMahon, M. T., Kato, Y., Liu, G., Bulte, J. W. M., Bhujwalla, Z. M., Artemov, D., & van Zijl, P. C. M.
- Affiliations
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Kennedy Krieger Institute (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-10-16
- Volume
- 68
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1764-1773
- ISSN
- 0740-3194 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-2594
- PMC
- PMC3505108
- OpenAlex
- W2089795796
- Cited by
- 337
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 19
- FWCI
- 16.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (P50CA103175)
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (R01EB015031, R01EB015032)
- National Center for Research Resources (S10RR028955)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Advanced NMR Techniques and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Lanthanide and Transition Metal Complexes
- Keywords
- D-glucose, MRI contrast agents, chemical exchange saturation transfer, breast cancer detection, tumor microenvironment, tumor vascularization, MDA-MB-231 cells, MCF-7 cells
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Breast Neoplasms, Contrast Media, Feasibility Studies, Female, Glucose, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Mice, Nude, Sensitivity and Specificity, Reproducibility of Results, Absorbable Implants, Cell Line, Tumor, Mice
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