The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Achieving minimum length scale in topology optimization using nodal design variables and projection functions
Abstract
A methodology for imposing a minimum length scale on structural members in discretized topology optimization problems is described. Nodal variables are implemented as the design variables and are projected onto element space to determine the element volume fractions that traditionally define topology. The projection is made via mesh independent functions that are based upon the minimum length scale. A simple linear projection scheme and a non‐linear scheme using a regularized Heaviside step function to achieve nearly 0–1 solutions are examined. The new approach is demonstrated on the minimum compliance problem and the popular SIMP method is used to penalize the stiffness of intermediate volume fraction elements. Solutions are shown to meet user‐defined length scale criterion without additional constraints, penalty functions or sensitivity filters. No instances of mesh dependence or checkerboard patterns have been observed. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Topology optimization approaches: A comparative review
Sigmund, O., & Maute, K. (2013) · Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization · doi:10.1007/s00158-013-0978-6 · Cited by 2,890
Topology Optimization in Aircraft and Aerospace Structures Design
Zhu, J.-H., Zhang, W.-H., & Xia, L. (2016) · Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering · doi:10.1007/s11831-015-9151-2 · Cited by 980
A review of topology optimization for additive manufacturing: Status and challenges
ZHU, J., ZHOU, H., WANG, C., ZHOU, L., YUAN, S., & ZHANG, W. (2021) · Chinese Journal of Aeronautics · doi:10.1016/j.cja.2020.09.020 · Cited by 874
Current and future trends in topology optimization for additive manufacturing
Liu, J., Gaynor, A. T., Chen, S., Kang, Z., Suresh, K., Takezawa, A., Li, L., Kato, J., Tang, J., Wang, C. C. L., et al. (2018) · Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization · doi:10.1007/s00158-018-1994-3 · Cited by 870
Topology optimization for nano‐photonics
Jensen, J. S., & Sigmund, O. (2011) · Laser & Photonics Reviews · doi:10.1002/lpor.201000014 · Cited by 767
Metadata
- Authors
- Guest, J. K., Prévost, J. H., & Belytschko, T.
- Venue
- International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2004-07-15
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 238-254
- ISSN
- 0029-5981 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-0207
- OpenAlex
- W2120191698
- Cited by
- 1,300
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 22.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Achieving minimum length scale in topology optimization using nodal design variables and projection functions. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1002/nme.1064
- The paper
- Guest, J. K., Prévost, J. H., & Belytschko, T. (2004). Achieving minimum length scale in topology optimization using nodal design variables and projection functions. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.1064
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.