Thigh fat and muscle each contribute to excess cardiometabolic risk in SouthAsians, independent of visceral adipose tissue
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To compare fat distribution and associations between fat depots and cardiometabolic traits in South Asians and Europeans. METHODS: Five hundred and fourteen South Asians and 669 Europeans, aged 56-86. Questionnaires, record review, blood testing, and coronary artery calcification scores provided diabetes and clinical plus subclinical coronary heart disease (CHD) diagnoses. Abdominal visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue, thigh subcutaneous adipose tissue (TSAT), intermuscular and intramuscular thigh fat and thigh muscle were measured by CT. RESULTS: Accounting for body size, South Asians had greater VAT and TSAT than Europeans, but less thigh muscle. Associations between depots and disease were stronger in South Asians than Europeans. In multivariable analyses in South Asians, VAT was positively associated with diabetes and CHD, while TSAT and thigh muscle were protective for diabetes, and thigh muscle for CHD. Differences in VAT and thigh muscle only partially explained the excess diabetes and CHD in South Asians versus Europeans. Insulin resistance did not account for the effects of TSAT or thigh muscle. CONCLUSIONS: Greater VAT and TSAT and lesser thigh muscle in South Asians contributed to ethnic differences in cardiometabolic disease. Effects of TSAT and thigh muscle were independent of insulin resistance.
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Eastwood et al. found that differences in myosteatosis between South Asian Indian and white adults disappear when adjusted for total body fat.
“Eastwood et al. (2014) found that differences in myosteatosis between South Asian Indian and white adults disappear when adjusted for total body fat.”
From Myosteatosis in the Context of Skeletal Muscle Function Deficit: An Interdisciplinary Workshop at the National Institute on Aging (2020) · cites this paper as Eastwood et al., 2014
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References 37 · Cited by 61
- Authors
- Eastwood, S. V., Tillin, T., Wright, A., Mayet, J., Godsland, I., Forouhi, N. G., Whincup, P., Hughes, A. D., & Chaturvedi, N.
- Affiliations
- Imperial College London (GB)
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust (GB)
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- St George's, University of London (GB)
- National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London London UK
- Corresponding author
- Eastwood, Sophie V.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Obesity
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-05-26
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 2071-2079
- ISSN
- 1930-7381 (ISSN-L)
- 1930-739X
- PMC
- PMC4150020
- OpenAlex
- W1563336970
- Cited by
- 61
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 3.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Obesity (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- St George's Online Research Archive (St George's University of London) (submittedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (082464/Z/07/Z)
- British Heart Foundation (SP/07/001/23603)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Keywords
- thigh muscle, thigh fat, subcutaneous adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue, cardiometabolic risk, South Asians, coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, ethnic differences, insulin resistance, intermuscular fat, intramuscular fat, body fat distribution
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Body Composition, Coronary Disease, Cross-Sectional Studies, Ethnicity, Female, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Male, Middle Aged, Radiography, Risk Factors, Thigh, Muscle, Skeletal, Metabolic Syndrome, White People, Asian People, Subcutaneous Fat, Intra-Abdominal Fat
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