Enhancing physical activity and reducing obesity through smartcare and financial incentives: A pilot randomized trial
Open accessAbstract
Objective: A pilot randomized trial assessed the feasibility and effectiveness of an intervention combining Smartcare (activity tracker with a smartphone application) and financial incentives. Methods: A three‐arm, open‐label randomized controlled trial design involving traditional education, Smartcare, and Smartcare with financial incentives was involved in this study. The latter group received financial incentives depending on the achievement of daily physical activity goals (process incentive) and weight loss targets (outcome incentive). Male university students (N = 105) with body mass index of ≥27 were enrolled. Results: The average weight loss in the traditional education, Smartcare, and Smartcare with financial incentives groups was −0.4, −1.1, and −3.1 kg, respectively, with significantly greater weight loss in the third group (both P s < 0.01). The final weight loss goal was achieved by 0, 2, and 10 participants in the traditional education, Smartcare, and Smartcare with financial incentives groups (odds ratio for the Smartcare with financial incentive vs. Smartcare = 7.27, 95% confidence interval: 1.45–36.47). Levels of physical activity were significantly higher in this group. Conclusions: The addition of financial incentives to Smartcare was effective in increasing physical activity and reducing obesity.
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One study reported a reduction in daily steps, one reported a reduction in MVPA participation, and three reported a reduction in energy expenditure in at least one included intervention group.
“One study reported a reduction in daily steps [42], 1 study reported a reduction in MVPA participation [37], and 3 studies reported a reduction in energy expenditure [46,47,52] in at least one of the included intervention groups.”
From Consumer-based wearable activity trackers increase physical activity participation: systematic review and meta-analysis (2019) · cites this paper as [47]
Table 1 reports positive baseline-to-final changes in physical-activity energy expenditure (IPAQ kcal/week) in all three intervention groups, rather than a reduction in any group. The Process: Physical activity and nutrition section also reports higher physical-activity changes in Group 3 than in Groups 1 and 2. The paper does not report the cited reduction in daily steps or MVPA participation. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredBlinding of outcome assessors (detection bias) was assessed as high risk for 7 studies [31,43,45-48,52] because of the use of subjective outcome measures.
“Blinding of outcome assessors (detection bias) was assessed as high risk for 7 studies [31,43,45-48,52] because of the use of subjective outcome measures.”
From Consumer-based wearable activity trackers increase physical activity participation: systematic review and meta-analysis (2019) · cites this paper as [47]
8 studies included more than 1 intervention group.
“Overall, 8 studies included more than 1 intervention group [34,43,45-47,52-54].”
From Consumer-based wearable activity trackers increase physical activity participation: systematic review and meta-analysis (2019) · cites this paper as [47]
Two of the included studies reported a significant increase in daily steps, four reported a significant increase in MVPA, and two reported a significant increase in energy expenditure for the intervention group compared with control.
“Two of the included studies [34,44] reported a significant increase in daily steps, 4 studies [30,34,36,53] reported a significant increase in MVPA, and 2 studies [45,47] reported a significant increase in energy expenditure for the intervention group compared with control.”
From Consumer-based wearable activity trackers increase physical activity participation: systematic review and meta-analysis (2019) · cites this paper as [47]
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References 31 · Cited by 70
- Authors
- Shin, D. W., Yun, J. M., Shin, J., Kwon, H., Min, H. Y., Joh, H., Chung, W. J., Park, J. H., Jung, K., & Cho, B.
- Affiliations
- Seoul National University (KR)
- Seoul National University Hospital (KR)
- Kyung Hee University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Cho, BeLong
- ORCID
- Venue
- Obesity
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2017-01-07
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 302-310
- ISSN
- 1930-7381 (ISSN-L)
- 1930-739X
- OpenAlex
- W2571357725
- Cited by
- 70
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 12.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Obesity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Korea Health Industry Development Institute (1‐2‐1‐002‐12)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Keywords
- physical activity, financial incentives, wearable activity trackers, mobile application, weight loss, university students
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Humans, Male, Motivation, Obesity, Pilot Projects, Exercise, Young Adult
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