The DOI matches its Crossref record; 25 of the 25 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Evidence-Based Survey Design: The Use of a Midpoint on the Likert Scale
Open accessAbstract
Likert-type scales are often used in survey instruments, and practitioners and researchers need to clearly understand the appropriate use of a midpoint in these scales. The authors of this article explore research studies from various disciplines to indicate that there are circumstances when a midpoint should be included and others where it should not. They provide tables, summarizing the benefits and problems in each case as well as evidence-based strategies to employ.
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Citations
Cites
On the Theory of Scales of Measurement
Stevens, S. S. (1946) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.103.2684.677 · Cited by 4,761 · cited 1×
“In the 1940s, Stanley Smith Stevens, another American psychologist, formulated four types (levels) of measurement: nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio scales (Stevens, 1946).”
BackgroundPreston, C. C., & Colman, A. M. (2000) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/s0001-6918(99)00050-5 · Cited by 2,106
Likert scales: how to (ab)use them
Jamieson, S. (2004) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2929.2004.02012.x · Cited by 1,602
Human competence—engineering worthy performance
Gilbert, T. F. (1978) · NSPI Journal · doi:10.1002/pfi.4180170915 · Cited by 1,069
Resolving the 50‐year debate around using and misusing Likert scales
Carifio, J., & Perla, R. (2008) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2923.2008.03172.x · Cited by 1,043
Weijters, B., Cabooter, E., & Schillewaert, N. (2010) · International Journal of Research in Marketing · doi:10.1016/j.ijresmar.2010.02.004 · Cited by 801
A Comparison of Psychometric Properties and Normality in 4-, 5-, 6-, and 11-Point Likert Scales
Leung, S.-O. (2011) · Journal of Social Service Research · doi:10.1080/01488376.2011.580697 · Cited by 706
The Mid-Point on a Rating Scale: Is it Desirable?
Garland, R. (1991) · Cited by 701
Designing Rating Scales for Effective Measurement in Surveys
Krosnick, J. A., & Fabrigar, L. R. (1997) · Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics · doi:10.1002/9781118490013.ch6 · Cited by 528
Chang, L. (1994) · Applied Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/014662169401800302 · Cited by 500
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Alwin, 1991, Sociological methods & research, 139
- Likert, 1932, Archives of Psychology, 22, 5
Cited by
Use of Delphi in health sciences research: A narrative review
Shang, Z. (2023) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000032829 · Cited by 657
Cole, A., Ali, H., Ahmed, A., Hamasha, M., & Jordan, S. (2021) · Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare · doi:10.2147/jmdh.s308397 · Cited by 67
Wanda, M., & Pasaribu, P. (2023) · Journal of Business, Management, and Social Studies · doi:10.53748/jbms.v2i3.46 · Cited by 2
Metadata
- Authors
- Chyung, S. Y. Y., Roberts, K., Swanson, I., & Hankinson, A.
- Venue
- Performance Improvement
- Published
- 2017-11
- Volume
- 56
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 15-23
- ISSN
- 1090-8811 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2769536523
- Cited by
- 846
- References
- 25
- FWCI
- 36.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- Licence
- doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1 (tdm)
- onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 19 d)
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- Chyung, S. Y. Y., Roberts, K., Swanson, I., & Hankinson, A. (2017). Evidence-Based Survey Design: The Use of a Midpoint on the Likert Scale. Performance Improvement. https://doi.org/10.1002/pfi.21727
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
