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Photovoltaics energy payback times, greenhouse gas emissions and external costs: 2004–early 2005 status
Open accessAbstract
Life cycle assessments and external cost estimates of photovoltaics have been often based on old data that do not reflect the extensive technological progress made over the past decade. Our assessment uses current (2004–early 2005) manufacturing data, from twelve European and US photovoltaic companies, and establishes the Energy Payback Times (EPBT), Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions and external environmental costs of current commercial PV technologies. Estimates of external costs are about 70% lower than those in recent high‐impact publications which were derived from the old data. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Cited by
Tawalbeh, M., Al-Othman, A., Kafiah, F., Abdelsalam, E., Almomani, F., & Alkasrawi, M. (2021) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143528 · Cited by 659
Emissions from Photovoltaic Life Cycles
Fthenakis, V. M., Kim, H. C., & Alsema, E. (2008) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es071763q · Cited by 608
Self-citationPhotovoltaics: Life-cycle analyses
Fthenakis, V. M., & Kim, H. C. (2011) · Solar Energy · doi:10.1016/j.solener.2009.10.002 · Cited by 441
Self-citationDale, M., & Benson, S. M. (2013) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es3038824 · Cited by 125
Life cycle assessment of multicrystalline silicon photovoltaic cell production in China
Hong, J., Chen, W., Qi, C., Ye, L., & Xu, C. (2016) · Solar Energy · doi:10.1016/j.solener.2016.04.013 · Cited by 93
Metadata
- Authors
- Fthenakis, V., & Alsema, E.
- Venue
- Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2006-03-29
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 275-280
- ISSN
- 1062-7995 (ISSN-L)
- 1099-159X
- OpenAlex
- W2157511370
- Cited by
- 304
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 20.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- Fthenakis, V., & Alsema, E. (2006). Photovoltaics energy payback times, greenhouse gas emissions and external costs: 2004–early 2005 status. Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications. https://doi.org/10.1002/pip.706
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