Cytochrome P4502E (CYP2E) in Brain: Constitutive Expression, Induction by Ethanol and Localization by Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization
Abstract
Cytochrome P4502E (P4502E), the major ethanol-inducible P450 metabolizes ethanol to acetaldehyde and bioactivates procarcinogens to ultimate carcinogens. Metabolism of ethanol to acetaldehyde in the brain could be deleterious since it can react with cytoskeletal proteins, forming adducts. In the present study, rats were administered ethanol chronically to evaluate its effect on chlorzoxazone hydroxylation in rat brain regions. Chlorzoxazone hydroxylation in brains from the treated rats was induced in hippocampus and cortex, downregulated in brainstem, and unchanged in cerebellum, striatum, and thalamus. The presence of functionally active P4502E was also seen in human brain regions obtained at autopsy from traffic accident victims. Northern blot analysis of rat and human brain poly(A)(+) RNA hybridized with cDNA to rat CYP2E1 revealed the constitutive presence of a corresponding transcript in rat and human brain. Localization of CYP2E by fluorescence in situ hybridization demonstrated the constitutive expression of CYP2E preferentially in the neuronal cells in rat and human brain. CYP2E expression was seen in neurons within the cerebral cortex, Purkinje and granule cell layers of cerebellum, granule cell layer of dentate gyrus, and pyramidal neurons of CA1, CA2, and CA3 subfields of hippocampus in both rat and human brain. The present studies demonstrate constitutive expression of P4502E1 in brain, its differential induction in rat brain regions by chronic ethanol treatment, and its topographic distribution in rat and human brain.
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CYP2E1 is widely expressed throughout the brain, such as in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum; brain CYP2E1 is inducible by ethanol and may play a key role in cerebral ethanol metabolism, especially after chronic and/or binge alcohol intake.
“In contrast, CYP2E1 is widely expressed throughout the brain, such as in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum.”
From Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and other adducts in aging-related diseases and alcohol-mediated tissue injury (2021) · cites this paper as [153]
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References 25 · Cited by 132
- Authors
- Upadhya, S. C., Tirumalai, P. S., Boyd, M. R., Mori, T., & Ravindranath, V.
- Affiliations
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (IN)
- National Cancer Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ravindranath, Vijayalakshmi
- Venue
- Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2000-01
- Volume
- 373
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 23-34
- ISSN
- 0003-9861 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2085307854
- Cited by
- 132
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 6.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences
- National Institutes of Health (7r01mh055494-04)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH55494)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- Keywords
- CYP2E1, brain, ethanol induction, chronic ethanol exposure, alcohol metabolism, acetaldehyde, neuronal expression, hippocampus, cerebellum, cerebral cortex, regional distribution, human brain, rat brain
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Ethanol, Animals, Base Sequence, Brain, Chlorzoxazone, Enzyme Induction, Female, Humans, Hydroxylation, Male, Microsomes, Middle Aged, RNA, Messenger, Tissue Distribution, Gene Expression, Rats, Wistar, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, DNA Primers, Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1, Rats
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