The DOI matches its Crossref record; 40 of the 40 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Dysmyelination Revealed through MRI as Increased Radial (but Unchanged Axial) Diffusion of Water
Abstract
Myelin loss and axonal damage are both observed in white matter injuries. Each may have significant impact on the long-term disability of patients. Currently, there does not exist a noninvasive biological marker that enables differentiation between myelin and axonal injury. We describe herein the use of magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to quantify the effect of dysmyelination on water directional diffusivities in brains of shiverer mice in vivo. The principal diffusion eigenvalues of eight axonal fiber tracts that can be identified with certainty on DTI maps were measured. The water diffusivity perpendicular to axonal fiber tracts, lambda(perpendicular), was significantly higher in shiverer mice compared with age-matched controls, reflecting the lack of myelin and the increased freedom of cross-fiber diffusion in white matter. The water diffusivity parallel to axonal fiber tracts, lambda(parallel), was not different, which is consistent with the presence of intact axons. It is clear that dysmyelination alone does not impact lambda(parallel). The presence of intact axons in the setting of incomplete myelination was confirmed by electron microscopy. Although further validation is still needed, our finding suggests that changes in lambda(perpendicular) and lambda(parallel) may potentially be used to differentiate myelin loss versus axonal injury.
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In the citing paper
“Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) successfully detects axon and myelin injury through decreased axial diffusivity (λ∥, parallel to white matter tract) and increased radial diffusivity (λ⊥, perpendicular to white matter tract) in animal models of central nervous system (CNS) diseases and injuries (Song et al., 2002, Kim et al., 2006, Sun et al., 2006, DeBoy et al., 2007).”
From Quantifying white matter tract diffusion parameters in the presence of increased extra-fiber cellularity and vasogenic edema (2014) · cites this paper as Song et al., 2002
In the citing paper
“Recent studies using animal models suggested that measures of directional diffusivity other than FA may be able to distinguish between axonal degeneration (increased axial diffusivity; normal radial diffusivity) (Song et al., 2003) and loss of myelin per se, at least in the early phase of myelin breakdown (increased radial diffusivity; normal axial diffusivity) (Song et al., 2002).”
From Diffusion tensor imaging of post mortem multiple sclerosis brain (2007) · cites this paper as Song et al., 2002
In the citing paper
“This reduction is transient, though and eventually increases relative to control subjects 56, 58.”
From Amyloid-beta induced retrograde axonal degeneration in a mouse tauopathy model (2019) · cites this paper as [58]
In the citing paper
“This was unexpected for the scalar metric RD, which is considered to be sensitive to the degree of myelination and thus was expected to provide a significant negative correlation (Song et al., 2002; Sun et al., 2006a, 2006b).”
From The role of myelination in measures of white matter integrity: Combination of diffusion tensor imaging and two-photon microscopy of CLARITY intact brains (2017) · cites this paper as Song et al., 2002
In the citing paper
“The association of RD to myelination has been previously studied in some of these same WM structures, such as the corpus collosum and anterior commissure (Song et al., 2002), however, many other WM structures analyzed here have not been examined previously.”
From The role of myelination in measures of white matter integrity: Combination of diffusion tensor imaging and two-photon microscopy of CLARITY intact brains (2017) · cites this paper as Song et al., 2002
Citations
Cites
Axonal transection in the lesions of multiple sclerosis
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Axonal Swellings and Degeneration in Mice Lacking the Major Proteolipid of Myelin
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Diffusion tensor imaging of lesions and normal-appearing white matter in multiple sclerosis
Werring, D. J., Clark, C. A., Barker, G. J., Thompson, A. J., & Miller, D. H. (1999) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.52.8.1626 · Cited by 621
Determinants of anisotropic water diffusion in nerves
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A simplified method to measure the diffusion tensor from seven MR images
Basser, P. J., & Pierpaoli, C. M. (1998) · Magnetic Resonance in Medicine · doi:10.1002/mrm.1910390610 · Cited by 584
On standardizing the MR image intensity scale
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Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging in multiple sclerosis
Filippi, M., Cercignani, M., Inglese, M., Horsfield, M. A., & Comi, G. (2001) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.56.3.304 · Cited by 545
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Diffusion tensor imaging of the brain
Alexander, A. L., Lee, J. E., Lazar, M., & Field, A. S. (2007) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.nurt.2007.05.011 · Cited by 2,747
White matter integrity, fiber count, and other fallacies: The do's and don'ts of diffusion MRI
Jones, D. K., Knösche, T. R., & Turner, R. (2013) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.06.081 · Cited by 2,402
Song, S.-K., Sun, S.-W., Ju, W.-K., Lin, S.-J., Cross, A. H., & Neufeld, A. H. (2003) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.07.005 · Cited by 1,738
Self-citationPrinciples of diffusion tensor imaging and its applications to basic neuroscience research
Mori, S., & Zhang, J. (2006) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2006.08.012 · Cited by 1,708
Demyelination increases radial diffusivity in corpus callosum of mouse brain
Song, S.-K., Yoshino, J., Le, T. Q., Lin, S.-J., Sun, S.-W., Cross, A. H., & Armstrong, R. C. (2005) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.01.028 · Cited by 1,658
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Song, S.-K., Sun, S.-W., Ramsbottom, M. J., Chang, C., Russell, J., & Cross, A. H.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica (TW)
- Corresponding author
- Song, Sheng-Kwei
- Venue
- NeuroImage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-11
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1429-1436
- ISSN
- 1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2047152236
- Cited by
- 2,582
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 44 · 2025: 70 · 2024: 78 · 2023: 85 · 2022: 111 · 2021: 129 · 2020: 113 · 2019: 184 · 2018: 140 · 2017: 152 · 2016: 178 · 2015: 199 · 2014: 197 · 2013: 194 · 2012: 160
- FWCI
- 11.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- NeuroImage (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (R24CA083060, 1 R24 CA83060-01)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Keywords
- dysmyelination, demyelination, axonal injury, diffusion tensor imaging, shiverer mice, white matter injury, brain MRI biomarkers
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain, Brain Diseases, Diagnosis, Differential, Disease Models, Animal, Heterozygote, Homozygote, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Mice, Neurologic Mutants, Nerve Fibers, Myelinated, Hereditary Central Nervous System Demyelinating Diseases, Diffuse Axonal Injury, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Mice
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