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Cited by 64Coffee research and impactsBone health and osteoporosis researchVitamin D Research Studies

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Is Caffeine Associated with Bone Mineral Density in Young Adult Women?

Conlisk, Andrea J, Galuska, Deborah A·2000·Preventive Medicine
DOI 10.1006/pmed.2000.0742
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Abstract

Background By increasing the urinary excretion of calcium, caffeine consumption may reduce bone mineral density (BMD) and subsequently increase the risk for osteoporotic fracture. Although negative associations between caffeine consumption and BMD have been reported for postmenopausal women, in particular for those who consume low amounts of dietary calcium, the relation between caffeine and BMD in younger women is unclear. Therefore, we evaluated the association between caffeine consumption and BMD in a cross-sectional study of 177 healthy white women, age 19-26 years, who attended a Midwestern university. Methods Average caffeine intake (milligrams per day) was calculated from self-reports of the consumption of coffee, decaffeinated coffee, tea, colas, chocolate products, and select medications during the previous 12 months (mean caffeine intake = 99. 9 mg/day). BMD (grams per square centimeter) at the femoral neck and the lumbar spine was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results After adjusting in linear regression models for potential confounders, including height, body mass index, age at menarche, calcium intake, protein consumption, alcohol consumption, and tobacco use, caffeine consumption was not a significant predictor of BMD. For every 100 mg of caffeine consumed, femoral neck BMD decreased 0.0069 g/cm(2) (95% confidence in terval [CI] = -0.0215, 0. 0076) and lumbar spine BMD decreased 0.0119 g/cm(2) (95% CI = -0. 0271, 0.0033). No single source of caffeine was significantly associated with a decrease in BMD. Furthermore, the association between caffeine consumption and BMD at either site did not differ significantly between those who consumed low levels of calcium (< or =836 mg/day) and those who consumed high levels of calcium (>836 mg/day). Conclusions Caffeine intake in the range consumed by young adult women is not an important risk factor for low BMD.

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Metadata

Authors
Conlisk, A. J., & Galuska, D. A.
Affiliations
  • Emory University (US)
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
Corresponding author
Conlisk, Andrea J
Venue
Preventive Medicine
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2000-11
Volume
31
Issue
5
Pages
562-568
ISSN
0091-7435 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1006/pmed.2000.0742
OpenAlex
W2079911692
Cited by
64
References
0
Citations by year
2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 2
FWCI
1.73
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Preventive Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Coffee research and impacts
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Vitamin D Research Studies
Keywords
caffeine consumption, bone mineral density, young adult women, femoral neck, lumbar spine, calcium intake, osteoporosis risk, coffee, decaffeinated coffee, tea, cola, dietary calcium
MeSH terms
Adult, Caffeine, Calcium, Dietary, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Femur Neck, Humans, Lumbar Vertebrae, Absorptiometry, Photon, Bone Density

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