The DOI matches its Crossref record; 8 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Bounded Rationality
Abstract
The term ‘bounded rationality’ is used to designate rational choice that takes into account the cognitive limitations of the decision-maker — limitations of both knowledge and computational capacity. Bounded rationality is a central theme in the behavioural approach to economics, which is deeply concerned with the ways in which the actual decision–making process influences the decisions that are reached.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Despite their reputation for undermining optimal decision-making, biases can actually reflect optimal decisions within a particular socio-environmental context under cognitive constraints such as memory, computation or experience [98][99][100][101][102] .”
From Machine culture (2023) · cites this paper as [99]
In the citing paper
“Irrespective of their origin, the effects of biases on culture tend to strengthen through repeated transmission 99,104,105 .”
From Machine culture (2023) · cites this paper as [99]
Citations
Cites
An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change
Berkowitz, M. K., Nelson, R. R., & Winter, S. G. (1983) · Southern Economic Journal · doi:10.2307/1058233 · Cited by 10,888
A Behavioral Theory of the Firm
Day, R. H., Cyert, R. M., March, J. G., Clarkson, Cohen, Feigenbaum, D., Greenberg, Moore, Soelberg, Starbuck, et al. (1964) · Econometrica · doi:10.2307/1913056 · Cited by 8,023
Williamson, O. E. (1975) · Cited by 6,810
A Behavioral Theory of the FirmPreprint
Cyert, R. M., & March, J. G. (1963) · SSRN Electronic Journal · Cited by 6,490
Newell, A. (1972) · Cited by 6,222
Simon, H. A. (1997) · The MIT Press eBooks · doi:10.7551/mitpress/4711.001.0001 · Cited by 4,900
Self-citationThe Foundations of Statistics.
Good, I. J., & Savage, L. J. (1955) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A (General) · doi:10.2307/2343133 · Cited by 4,764
Judgment and choice: The psychology of decision
Goitein, B. J. (1989) · International Journal of Forecasting · doi:10.1016/0169-2070(89)90072-1 · Cited by 209
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 718
Portfolio management with the help of AI : What drives retail Indian investors to robo‐advisors?
Banerjee, S. (2024) · The Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries · doi:10.1002/isd2.12346 · Cited by 24
Radiophobia: Useful concept, or ostracising term?
Lindberg, J. C. H., & Archer, D. (2022) · Progress in Nuclear Energy · doi:10.1016/j.pnucene.2022.104280 · Cited by 23
Human Security Psychology: A Linking Construct for an Eclectic Discipline
Hodgetts, D., Hopner, V., Carr, S. C., Bar‐Tal, D., Liu, J. H.-F., Saner, R., Yiu, L. S., Horgan, J., Searle, R., Massola, G. M., et al. (2022) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1177/10892680221109124 · Cited by 22
Bar‐Eli, M., Lidor, R., Lath, F., & Schorer, J. (2023) · Asian Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.ajsep.2023.09.003 · Cited by 22
Kim, H., Bilionis, I., Karava, P., & Braun, J. E. (2022) · Energy and Buildings · doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2022.112627 · Cited by 21
Failures in the Loop: Human Leadership in AI-Based Decision-Making
Michael, K., Schoenherr, J. R., & Vogel, K. M. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Technology and Society · doi:10.1109/tts.2024.3378587 · Cited by 21
Ropeik, D. P. (2011) · Toxicological Sciences · doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfr048 · Cited by 21
Tian, B., Fu, J., Xu, Y., & Sun, L. (2022) · Engineering Construction & Architectural Management · doi:10.1108/ecam-03-2022-0222 · Cited by 20
The influence of home shopping television network impulse buying on product shortages
Lee, S., Shin, H., & Benton, W. C. (2023) · Journal of Operations Management · doi:10.1002/joom.1238 · Cited by 20
Kwon, S., & Motohashi, K. (2021) · International Journal of Information Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2021.102371 · Cited by 23
Rady, J., Townsend, D., & Hunt, R. (2026) · Journal of Business Venturing · doi:10.1016/j.jbusvent.2025.106550 · Cited by 17
Shao, J., Xue, W., Jinnan, W., & Zhang, Q. (2022) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.134265 · Cited by 19
Herding the influencers for investment decisions: millennials bust the gender stereotype
Gupta, P., & Goyal, P. (2022) · Journal of Financial Services Marketing · doi:10.1057/s41264-022-00195-4 · Cited by 19
Measuring Transportation Infrastructure Resilience: Case Study with Amtrak
Tonn, G. L., Czajkowski, J. R., Kunreuther, H., Angotti, K., & Gelman, K. (2020) · Journal of Infrastructure Systems · doi:10.1061/(asce)is.1943-555x.0000526 · Cited by 19
Teichroeb, J. A., & Vining, A. Q. (2019) · Animal Cognition · doi:10.1007/s10071-019-01247-4 · Cited by 19
Bekker, M. (2021) · KANT Social Sciences & Humanities · doi:10.24923/2305-8757.2021-7.5 · Cited by 18
Zeberga, M. S., Haaskjold, H., Hussein, B., Lædre, O., & Wondimu, P. A. (2025) · Journal of Management in Engineering · doi:10.1061/jmenea.meeng-6523 · Cited by 18
Sun, M. (2023) · Transportation Research Part E Logistics and Transportation Review · doi:10.1016/j.tre.2023.103113 · Cited by 18
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Cognitive Bias: A Systematic Review and Research Direction
Erdiaw‐Kwasie, M. O., Abunyewah, M., & Baah, C. (2022) · Resources Policy · doi:10.1016/j.resourpol.2023.104201 · Cited by 18
Determinants of the adoption of fungus-resistant grapevines: Evidence from Switzerland
Zachmann, L., McCallum, C., & Finger, R. (2024) · Journal of Wine Economics · doi:10.1017/jwe.2023.36 · Cited by 18
Creative evolution in economics
Devereaux, A. N., Koppl, R. G., & Kauffman, S. A. (2024) · Journal of Evolutionary Economics · doi:10.1007/s00191-024-00855-9 · Cited by 18
Conservation Principles for Coffee Production
Grabs, J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108875325.011 · Cited by 18
Partial Information Sharing Over Social Learning Networks
Bordignon, V., Matta, V., & Sayed, A. H. (2022) · IEEE Transactions on Information Theory · doi:10.1109/tit.2022.3227587 · Cited by 17
Why do consumers prefer one brand over another? The economics and sociology of brand competitiveness
Lena, S. D., & Timming, A. R. (2023) · Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services · doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2023.103416 · Cited by 17
Yuan, Q., Jia, H., & Wang, K. (2024) · International Journal of Hydrogen Energy · doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.11.347 · Cited by 17
Confirmation and Specificity Biases in Large Language Models: An Explorative Study
O’Leary, D. E. (2025) · IEEE Intelligent Systems · doi:10.1109/mis.2024.3513992 · Cited by 17
Lightner, A. D., Barclay, P., & Hagen, E. H. (2017) · Royal Society Open Science · doi:10.1098/rsos.170543 · Cited by 18
The Institutions of Programmatic Action
Hornung, J. (2022) · International series on public policy · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-05774-8 · Cited by 17
Digital natives aren’t concerned much about privacy, or are they?
Maier, E., Doerk, M., Reimer, U., & Baldauf, M. (2023) · i-com · doi:10.1515/icom-2022-0041 · Cited by 17
Rational and behavioural predictors of pre-retirement cash-outs
Reyers, M., van Schalkwyk, C. H., & Gouws, D. G. (2015) · Journal of Economic Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.joep.2015.01.005 · Cited by 17
Hutzschenreuter, T., & Lämmermann, T. (2025) · Academy of Management Perspectives · doi:10.5465/amp.2023.0243 · Cited by 20
Witte, N., Schaurer, I., Schröder, J., Décieux, J. P., & Ette, A. (2022) · Social Science Computer Review · doi:10.1177/08944393211054939 · Cited by 16
Corporate governance: Next stop?
Mantovani, G. M., Kostyuk, A. N., & Govorun, D. (2022) · doi:10.22495/cgtaped · Cited by 16
Signaling and perceiving on equity crowdfunding decisions — a machine learning approach
Yang, J., Xin, J., Zeng, Y., & Liu, P. J. (2025) · Small Business Economics · doi:10.1007/s11187-024-00991-3 · Cited by 17
Wang, P. Q., Wang, J., & Li, Q. (2021) · Aslib Journal of Information Management · doi:10.1108/ajim-03-2020-0063 · Cited by 16
Manipulating the design space to resolve trade-offs: Theory and evidence
Nickel, J., Duimering, P. R., & Hurst, A. (2022) · Design Studies · doi:10.1016/j.destud.2022.101095 · Cited by 17
Reformulating decision theory using fuzzy set theory and Shafer's theory of evidence
Bordley, R. F. (2003) · Fuzzy Sets and Systems · doi:10.1016/s0165-0114(02)00515-8 · Cited by 16
Brüggemann, T., & Lueg, R. (2025) · Business Strategy and the Environment · doi:10.1002/bse.70176 · Cited by 21
Speaking Truth to Power and Power to Truth: Reflections from the Pandemic
Donadelli, F., & Gregory, R. J. (2022) · Public Organization Review · doi:10.1007/s11115-022-00606-z · Cited by 15
Bolen, J. B., Elliehausen, G. E., & Miller, T. W. (2020) · Economic Inquiry · doi:10.1111/ecin.12894 · Cited by 15
Assessing the impact of COVID-19 on the valuation of Indian companies using a financial model
Mohanty, P., & Mishra, S. (2021) · International Journal of Emerging Markets · doi:10.1108/ijoem-11-2020-1388 · Cited by 15
Congestion Games with Distance-Based Strict Uncertainty
Meir, R., & Parkes, D. C. (2015) · Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1609/aaai.v29i1.9291 · Cited by 15
Haque, S., Mahmoudi, H., Ghaffarzadegan, N., & Triantis, K. P. (2023) · System Dynamics Review · doi:10.1002/sdr.1729 · Cited by 14
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: The Underlying Role of Diminished Access to Internal States
Liberman, N., Lazarov, A., & Dar, R. (2023) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/09637214221128560 · Cited by 14
A Study of Chinese Policy Attention on Cybersecurity
Li, Z., Guo, X., & He, Q. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management · doi:10.1109/tem.2020.3029019 · Cited by 14
Michelfelder, I., Kant, M., González, S., & Jay, J. (2022) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.133983 · Cited by 14
Kerschbaum, C. (2022) · VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems · doi:10.1108/vjikms-09-2021-0210 · Cited by 14
Positionality—An analytical building block
Piedra, L. M. (2023) · Qualitative Social Work · doi:10.1177/14733250231183294 · Cited by 14
Seven routes to experimentation in policymaking
Varazzani, C., Tuomaila, H., Emmerling, T., Brusoni, S., & Fontanesi, L. (2023) · OECD working papers on public governance · doi:10.1787/918b6a04-en · Cited by 14
Wardrop Equilibrium Can Be Boundedly Rational: A New Behavioral Theory of Route Choice
Li, J., Wang, Z., & Nie, Y. M. (2024) · Transportation Science · doi:10.1287/trsc.2023.0132 · Cited by 13
Adusumalli, S., Aragam, G. G., & Patel, M. S. (2020) · Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11936-020-00824-y · Cited by 14
No One Drinks From the Firehose: How Organizations Filter and Prioritize Vulnerability Information
de Smale, S., van Dijk, R., Bouwman, X., van der Ham, J., & van Eeten, M. J. G. (2023) · IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P) · doi:10.1109/sp46215.2023.10179447 · Cited by 13
Nascimento, L. D. S., & Zawislak, P. A. (2023) · Technology in Society · doi:10.1016/j.techsoc.2023.102382 · Cited by 13
The Effects of Political Short-Termism on Transitions Induced by Pollution Regulations
Bartolomeo, G. D., Saltari, E., & Semmler, W. (2020) · Dynamic modeling and econometrics in economics and finance · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-52970-3_6 · Cited by 13
An experimental study of the decision process with interactive technology
Samek, A. S., Hur, I., Kim, S.-H., & Yi, J. S. (2016) · Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization · doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2016.06.004 · Cited by 13
To touch or not to touch: Examining the role of choice set size
Liu, S., Kaikati, A. M., & Arnold, M. J. (2022) · Psychology and Marketing · doi:10.1002/mar.21754 · Cited by 17
Sex-oriented stable matchings of the marriage problem with correlated and incomplete information
Caldarelli, G., Capocci, A., & Laureti, P. (2001) · Physica A Statistical Mechanics and its Applications · doi:10.1016/s0378-4371(01)00305-3 · Cited by 13
Kim, M., & Mason, D. P. (2020) · Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management · doi:10.1108/jpbafm-12-2019-0179 · Cited by 12
Choice overload on travel decisions: the paradox of variety
Vieira, C. V. M. F., Mayer, V. F., Santos, G. E. D. O., & Marques, O. R. B. (2025) · Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing · doi:10.1080/10548408.2025.2455435 · Cited by 12
Joussen, T. P., Quiel, J., Schwaeke, J., Kanbach, D. K., & Kraus, S. (2025) · International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research · doi:10.1108/ijebr-12-2024-1351 · Cited by 12
Consideraciones sobre la democracia deliberativa y lecciones del caso chileno
Raveau, M. P., Couyoumdjian, J. P., Fuentes-Bravo, C., & Candia, C. (2023) · Estudios Públicos · doi:10.38178/07183089/1443220926 · Cited by 12
Exploring factors influencing intention and actual usage in household solar PV adoption
Paramita, D., Hartono, B., Utomo, D. S., Arini, H. M., Mulyani, Y. P., Rizqiawan, A., Banjar-Nahor, K. M., Spanellis, A., Beltran, M., Adrin, H. N., et al. (2024) · Cleaner and Responsible Consumption · doi:10.1016/j.clrc.2024.100242 · Cited by 12
Is unified institutional economics possible?
Tambovtsev, V. (2021) · Voprosy Ekonomiki · doi:10.32609/0042-8736-2021-1-33-51 · Cited by 12
Normative accounts of illusory correlations.
Bott, F. M., Kellen, D., & Klauer, K. C. (2021) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/rev0000273 · Cited by 12
Candelo-Viáfara, J. M., & Gonzáles-Campo, C. H. (2022) · Estudios Gerenciales · doi:10.18046/j.estger.2022.162.4689 · Cited by 12
Analyzing sales proposal rejections via machine learning
Nguyen, P., Friend, S. B., Chase, K. S., & Johnson, J. S. (2022) · Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management · doi:10.1080/08853134.2022.2067554 · Cited by 12
Predicting primary and secondary stakeholder engagement: A CEO motivation-means contingency model
Chiu, S., Hoskisson, R. E., Kong, D. T., Li, A., & Shao, P. T. (2023) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.113760 · Cited by 12
Zeng, Y., Brown, C., Raymond, J., Byari, M., Hotz, R., & Rounsevell, M. (2025) · Earth System Dynamics · doi:10.5194/esd-16-423-2025 · Cited by 20
Evolutionary minority games with memory
Bischi, G. I., & Merlone, U. (2017) · Journal of Evolutionary Economics · doi:10.1007/s00191-017-0526-4 · Cited by 12
Using Agent-Based Simulation to Understand the Role of Values in Policy-Making
Perelló-Moragues, A., & Pablo Noriega, A. (2020) · Springer proceedings in complexity · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-34127-5_35 · Cited by 12
Modellbildung in den Sozialwissenschaften
Saam, N. J., & Gautschi, T. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-01164-2_2 · Cited by 12
Economists and electorates: The subjective economy of governing party support in Canada
Clarke, H. D., & Stewart, M. C. (1996) · European Journal of Political Research · doi:10.1111/j.1475-6765.1996.tb00648.x · Cited by 12
Civai, C., & Hawes, D. R. (2016) · Studies in neuroscience, psychology and behavioral economics · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-35923-1_2 · Cited by 13
Sun, Q., Zhang, X., Chiclana, F., Ji, F., Long, Q., & Wu, J. (2025) · Information Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.ins.2024.121823 · Cited by 11
What I like is what I remember: Memory modulation and preferential choice.
Aka, A., & Bhatia, S. (2021) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037/xge0001034 · Cited by 11
Bank provision reversals and income smoothing: A case study
Aggelopoulos, E., Γεωργόπουλος, Α., & Kotsiantis, S. B. (2022) · Journal of Accounting and Public Policy · doi:10.1016/j.jaccpubpol.2022.107051 · Cited by 12
Shih, H.-C., Hsu, Y., & Lai, Y.-C. “. (2022) · Travel Behaviour and Society · doi:10.1016/j.tbs.2023.100733 · Cited by 11
Kassie, G. T., Zeleke, F., Birhanu, M. Y., & Scarpa, R. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0270917 · Cited by 13
Risk perception and behavioral intentions in facing compound climate-related hazards
Sacchi, S., Faccenda, G., & Michele, C. D. (2022) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.105787 · Cited by 10
Leonov, Y. V. (2023) · Economic Affairs · doi:10.46852/0424-2513.3.2023.29 · Cited by 10
Behar-Villegas, E., Goh, Z., & Horowitt, G. S. (2024) · Human Technology · doi:10.14254/1795-6889.2024.20-3.1 · Cited by 10
Zhu, Q., & Başar, T. (2025) · IEEE Control Systems Letters · doi:10.1109/lcsys.2025.3557366 · Cited by 10
Creating value in infrastructure procurement: a practice-based view
Lindfors, K., Jääskeläinen, A., & Malacina, I. (2025) · Journal of Public Procurement · doi:10.1108/jopp-06-2024-0072 · Cited by 10
Evaluating the o1 reasoning large language model for cognitive bias: a vignette study
Degany, O., Laros, S., Idan, D., & Einav, S. (2025) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s13054-025-05591-5 · Cited by 10
Barile, S., & Saviano, M. (2021) · Contemporary systems thinking · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-71877-0_3 · Cited by 12
Country portfolio diversity and firms’ portfolio adjustment decisions: A behavioral perspective
Hendriks, G., Slangen, A., & Heugens, P. P. M. A. R. (2024) · International Business Review · doi:10.1016/j.ibusrev.2024.102280 · Cited by 11
Devil and angel shifts in collective action: A call for integration and improvements
Hornung, J., Fullerton, A. H., & Weible, C. M. (2025) · Policy Studies Journal · doi:10.1111/psj.70018 · Cited by 9
What factors influence smallholder farmers’ decision to select a milk marketing channel in Zambia?
Cheelo, T., & van der Merwe, M. (2021) · Agrekon · doi:10.1080/03031853.2021.1950017 · Cited by 9
Archetypal games generate diverse models of power, conflict, and cooperation
Bruns, B., & Kimmich, C. (2021) · Ecology and Society · doi:10.5751/es-12668-260402 · Cited by 13
Heuristic decision-making across adulthood.
Taylor, M. K., Marsh, E. J., & Samanez-Larkin, G. R. (2023) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/pag0000726 · Cited by 9
Prejuicios que silencian: Injusticia Testimonial y Muerte Hermenéutica
Manus, S. G. M. (2023) · Revista Interdisciplinaria de Estudios de Género de El Colegio de México · doi:10.24201/reg.v9i1.1026 · Cited by 9
Learning in games: a systematic review
Qin, R.-J., & Yu, Y. (2024) · Science China Information Sciences · doi:10.1007/s11432-023-3955-x · Cited by 10
Socially Intelligent Networks: A framework for decision making over graphs
Bordignon, V., Matta, V., & Sayed, A. H. (2024) · IEEE Signal Processing Magazine · doi:10.1109/msp.2024.3431168 · Cited by 9
Jansen, B. J. J., Jung, S., & Salminen, J. O. (2023) · Information Systems Frontiers · doi:10.1007/s10796-023-10395-5 · Cited by 9
Zero-determinant strategy in stochastic Stackelberg asymmetric security game
Cheng, Z., Chen, G., & Hong, Y. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-38460-8 · Cited by 9
Rational Agents are the Quickest
Mandler, M. (2011) · Journal of Economic Theory · doi:10.1016/j.jet.2014.10.003 · Cited by 9
Data on Swiss grapevine growers’ production, pest management and risk management decisions
Zachmann, L., McCallum, C., & Finger, R. (2023) · Data in Brief · doi:10.1016/j.dib.2023.109652 · Cited by 9
CEO turnover and innovation: Exploring the advisory role of inventor top management team members
Yoo, S.-H., Kim, D., & Jin, B. (2025) · Technovation · doi:10.1016/j.technovation.2025.103190 · Cited by 8
Characterizing allies and opponents in gender policy debates
Fullerton, A. H., Durnová, A. P., & Weible, C. M. (2025) · Review of Policy Research · doi:10.1111/ropr.70009 · Cited by 8
CFO social networks and corporation taxation
Fang, M., Wu, Q., Xu, X., & Zhou, Z. (2025) · Journal of Financial Stability · doi:10.1016/j.jfs.2025.101405 · Cited by 8
Metadata
- Authors
- Simon, H. A.
- Corresponding author
- Simon, Herbert A.
- Venue
- Utility and Probability
- Publisher
- Palgrave Macmillan UK
- Published
- 1990
- Pages
- 15-18
- OpenAlex
- W4249761288
- Cited by
- 705
- References
- 11
- Citations by year
- 2026: 68 · 2025: 100 · 2024: 113 · 2023: 105 · 2022: 96 · 2021: 66 · 2020: 66 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 4.16
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Economic Theory and Institutions
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies
- Keywords
- bounded rationality, rational choice, cognitive limitations, computational power, behavioral economics, decision-making, limits of knowledge
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review