The DOI matches its Crossref record; 15 of the 15 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Rethinking Spatiotemporal Feature Learning: Speed-Accuracy Trade-offs in Video Classification
Open accessAbstract
Despite the steady progress in video analysis led by the adoption of convolutional neural networks (CNNs), the relative improvement has been less drastic as that in 2D static image classification. Three main challenges exist including spatial (image) feature representation, temporal information representation, and model/computation complexity. It was recently shown by Carreira and Zisserman that 3D CNNs, inflated from 2D networks and pretrained on ImageNet, could be a promising way for spatial and temporal representation learning. However, as for model/computation complexity, 3D CNNs are much more expensive than 2D CNNs and prone to overfit. We seek a balance between speed and accuracy by building an effective and efficient video classification system through systematic exploration of critical network design choices. In particular, we show that it is possible to replace many of the 3D convolutions by low-cost 2D convolutions. Rather surprisingly, best result (in both speed and accuracy) is achieved when replacing the 3D convolutions at the bottom of the network, suggesting that temporal representation learning on high-level “semantic” features is more useful. Our conclusion generalizes to datasets with very different properties. When combined with several other cost-effective designs including separable spatial/temporal convolution and feature gating, our system results in an effective video classification system that that produces very competitive results on several action classification benchmarks (Kinetics, Something-something, UCF101 and HMDB), as well as two action detection (localization) benchmarks (JHMDB and UCF101-24).
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Cites
Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition
He, K., Zhang, X., Ren, S., & Sun, J. (2016) · 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2016.90 · Cited by 235,474
ImageNet classification with deep convolutional neural networks
Krizhevsky, A., Sutskever, I., & Hinton, G. E. (2017) · Communications of the ACM · doi:10.1145/3065386 · Cited by 112,155
Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networks
Ren, S., He, K., Girshick, R., & Sun, J. (2015) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1506.01497 · Cited by 70,812
Squeeze-and-Excitation Networks
Hu, J., Shen, L., & Sun, G. (2018) · 2018 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2018.00745 · Cited by 35,667
Xception: Deep Learning with Depthwise Separable Convolutions
Chollet, F. (2017) · 2017 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2017.195 · Cited by 20,380
Squeeze-and-Excitation Networks
Hu, J., Shen, L., Albanie, S., Sun, G., & Wu, E. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/tpami.2019.2913372 · Cited by 12,157
Wang, X., Girshick, R., Gupta, A., & He, K. (2018) · 2018 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2018.00813 · Cited by 11,596 · cited 1×
“We note that even though we focus on the speed-accuracy trade-offs in action classification network design, the performance is competitive compared with recent Kinetics Challenge winners and concurrent works; notably [41] and [42]”
ResultQuo Vadis, Action Recognition? A New Model and the Kinetics Dataset
Carreira, J., & Zisserman, A. (2017) · 2017 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2017.502 · Cited by 9,570
Large-Scale Video Classification with Convolutional Neural Networks
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Hmdb: a large video database for human motion recognition
Kuehne, H., Jhuang, H., Garrote, E., Poggio, T., & Serre, T. (2011) · 2011 International Conference on Computer Vision · doi:10.1109/iccv.2011.6126543 · Cited by 3,965
Cited by
ViViT: A Video Vision Transformer
Arnab, A., Dehghani, M., Heigold, G., Sun, C., Lucic, M., & Schmid, C. (2021) · 2021 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) · doi:10.1109/iccv48922.2021.00676 · Cited by 2,767
Self-citationGCNet: Non-Local Networks Meet Squeeze-Excitation Networks and Beyond
Cao, Y., Xu, J., Lin, S., Wei, F., & Hu, H. (2019) · 2019 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision Workshop (ICCVW) · doi:10.1109/iccvw.2019.00246 · Cited by 2,307
Liu, Z., Ning, J., Cao, Y., Wei, Y., Zhang, Z., Lin, S., & Hu, H. (2022) · 2022 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr52688.2022.00320 · Cited by 2,294
Liu, Z., Ning, J., Cao, Y., Wei, Y., Zhang, Z., Lin, S., & Hu, H. (2021) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2106.13230 · Cited by 2,294
TSM: Temporal Shift Module for Efficient Video Understanding
Lin, J., Gan, C., & Han, S. (2019) · 2019 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) · doi:10.1109/iccv.2019.00718 · Cited by 2,055
Metadata
- Authors
- Xie, S., Sun, C., Huang, J., Tu, Z., & Murphy, K.
- Venue
- Lecture Notes in Computer Science
- Publisher
- Springer International Publishing
- Published
- 2018
- Pages
- 318-335
- ISSN
- 0302-9743 (ISSN-L)
- 1611-3349
- OpenAlex
- W2883429621
- Cited by
- 1,415
- References
- 15
- FWCI
- 43.08
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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