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Cited by 197Genomics and Chromatin DynamicsNuclear Structure and FunctionRNA and protein synthesis mechanisms

Basic mechanisms in RNA polymerase i transcription of the ribosomal RNA genes

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Goodfellow, Sarah J., Zomerdijk, Joost C. B. M.·2013·Subcellular Biochemistry
DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-4525-4_10PMC PMC3855190
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Abstract

RNA Polymerase (Pol) I produces ribosomal (r)RNA, an essential component of the cellular protein synthetic machinery that drives cell growth, underlying many fundamental cellular processes. Extensive research into the mechanisms governing transcription by Pol I has revealed an intricate set of control mechanisms impinging upon rRNA production. Pol I-specific transcription factors guide Pol I to the rDNA promoter and contribute to multiple rounds of transcription initiation, promoter escape, elongation and termination. In addition, many accessory factors are now known to assist at each stage of this transcription cycle, some of which allow the integration of transcriptional activity with metabolic demands. The organisation and accessibility of rDNA chromatin also impinge upon Pol I output, and complex mechanisms ensure the appropriate maintenance of the epigenetic state of the nucleolar genome and its effective transcription by Pol I. The following review presents our current understanding of the components of the Pol I transcription machinery, their functions and regulation by associated factors, and the mechanisms operating to ensure the proper transcription of rDNA chromatin. The importance of such stringent control is demonstrated by the fact that deregulated Pol I transcription is a feature of cancer and other disorders characterised by abnormal translational capacity.

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Authors
Goodfellow, S. J., & Zomerdijk, J. C. B. M.
Affiliations
University of Dundee (GB)
Corresponding author
Zomerdijk, Joost C. B. M.
ORCID
Zomerdijk, Joost C. B. M.
Venue
Subcellular Biochemistry
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Published
2012-06-28
Volume
61
Pages
211-236
ISSN
0306-0225 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1007/978-94-007-4525-4_10
PMC
PMC3855190
OpenAlex
W2157144047
Cited by
197
References
188
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 4
FWCI
13.11
Type
book chapter
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Sub-cellular biochemistry/Subcellular biochemistry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
Wellcome Trust (085441/Z/08/Z, 085441)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nuclear Structure and Function
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
Keywords
RNA polymerase I, ribosomal DNA, rDNA transcription, transcription initiation, promoter escape, transcription elongation, transcription termination, transcription factors, accessory factors, chromatin organization, epigenetic regulation, cancer
MeSH terms
Animals, DNA, Ribosomal, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, RNA Polymerase I, RNA, Ribosomal, Transcription, Genetic, Epigenesis, Genetic

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