The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Item Response Theory
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
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Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Item Response Theory (IRT), regarded as a modern test theory, models the probability of a correct response as a function of an examinee’s latent proficiency (θ) and item characteristics, independent of the specific test-taker sample—unlike Classical Test Theory, which yields sample-dependent scores24,25.”
From Leveraging computerized adaptive testing for cost-effective evaluation of large language models in medical benchmarking (2026) · cites this paper as [25]
Citations
Cites
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Sorted by citations
A hierarchical regression approach to meta‐analysis of diagnostic test accuracy evaluations
Rutter, C. M., & Gatsonis, C. (2001) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.942 · Cited by 1,510
Validity: on the meaningful interpretation of assessment data
Downing, S. M. (2003) · Medical Education · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2923.2003.01594.x · Cited by 1,434
The basics of item response theory
Baker, F. B. (1985) · Cited by 1,362
Latent Variables in Psychology and the Social Sciences
Bollen, K. A. (2002) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.53.100901.135239 · Cited by 1,127
Detecting Differential Item Functioning Using Logistic Regression Procedures
Swaminathan, H., & Rogers, H. J. (1990) · Journal of Educational Measurement · doi:10.1111/j.1745-3984.1990.tb00754.x · Cited by 1,078
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Hambleton, R. K., & Swaminathan, H.
- Venue
- Springer eBooks
- Publisher
- Springer Netherlands
- Published
- 1985
- OpenAlex
- W2505213109
- Cited by
- 1,777
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 30 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 50 · 2021: 80 · 2020: 66 · 2019: 87 · 2018: 69 · 2017: 85 · 2016: 65 · 2015: 70 · 2014: 79 · 2013: 64 · 2012: 66
- FWCI
- 20.09
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Springer eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Education › Educational Assessment and Pedagogy
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
- Keywords
- item response theory, psychometrics, measurement theory, test theory
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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